Table 1.
Characteristics of Included Studies Including First Author, Journal/Year of Publication, Title, and Interventions Assessed.
| Author | Year | Study Title | Journal | Interventions Assessed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brittberg | 2018 | Matrix-Applied Characterized Autologous Cultured Chondrocytes Versus Microfracture: Five-Year Follow-up of a Prospective Randomized Trial | American Journal of Sports Medicine | MACI vs. microfracture |
| Chung | 2014 | Cartilage extra-cellular matrix biomembrane for the enhancement of microfractured defects | Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy | Extracellular matrix biomembrane augment for marrow stimulation (AMIC) |
| Chung | 2023 | Particulated Costal Allocartilage With Microfracture Versus Microfracture Alone for Knee Cartilage Defects: A Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Participant- and Rater-Blinded Study | Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | Costal allocartilage scaffold paste augment for marrow stimulation |
| Cole | 2011 | Outcomes after a single-stage procedure for cell-based cartilage repair: a prospective clinical safety trial with 2-year follow-up | American Journal of Sports Medicine | Cartilage autograft implantation system vs. microfracture |
| Crawford | 2012 | NeoCart, an autologous cartilage tissue implant, compared with microfracture for treatment of distal femoral cartilage lesions: an FDA phase-II prospective, randomized clinical trial after two years | Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery | Autologous cartilage tissue implant vs. microfracture |
| Gudas | 2012 | Ten-year follow-up of a prospective, randomized clinical study of mosaic osteochondral autologous transplantation versus microfracture for the treatment of osteochondral defects in the knee joint of athletes | American Journal of Sports Medicine | OATS vs. microfracture |
| Hashimoto | 2019 | Transplantation of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells under arthroscopic surgery with microfracture versus microfracture alone for articular cartilage lesions in the knee: A multicenter prospective randomized control clinical trial | Regenerative Therapy | Bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells augment for marrow stimulation |
| Hoburg | 2021 | Matrix-Associated Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation with Spheroid Technology Is Superior to Arthroscopic Microfracture at 36 Months Regarding Activities of Daily Living and Sporting Activities after Treatment | Cartilage | MACI vs. microfracture |
| Hoburg | 2023 | Sustained superiority in KOOS subscores after matrix-associated chondrocyte implantation using spheroids compared to microfracture | Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy | MACI vs. microfracture |
| Ibarra | 2021 | Arthroscopic Matrix-Assisted Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation Versus Microfracture: A 6-Year Follow-up of a Prospective Randomized Trial | American Journal of Sports Medicine | MACI vs. microfracture |
| Kim | 2020 | Microfractures Versus a Porcine-Derived Collagen-Augmented Chondrogenesis Technique for Treating Knee Cartilage Defects: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial | Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery | Collagen chondrogenesis scaffold gel augment for marrow stimulation |
| Knutsen | 2016 | A Randomized Multicenter Trial Comparing Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation with Microfracture: Long-Term Follow-up at 14 to 15 Years | Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery | ACI vs. microfracture |
| Koh | 2016 | Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells With Microfracture Versus Microfracture Alone: 2-Year Follow-up of a Prospective Randomized Trial | Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery | Adipose-derived stem cells with fibrin glue augment for marrow stimulation |
| Lim | 2021 | Allogeneic Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation Versus Microfracture for Large, Full-Thickness Cartilage Defects in Older Patients: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial and Extended 5-Year Clinical Follow-up | Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine | Allogeneic umbilical cord blood–derived mesenchymal stem cells and 4% hyaluronate vs. microfracture |
| Saris | 2014 | Matrix-Applied Characterized Autologous Cultured Chondrocytes Versus Microfracture: Two-Year Follow-up of a Prospective Randomized Trial | American Journal of Sports Medicine | MACI vs. microfracture |
| Solheim | 2018 | Randomized Study of Long-term (15-17 Years) Outcome After Microfracture Versus Mosaicplasty in Knee Articular Cartilage Defects | American Journal of Sports Medicine | OATS vs. microfracture |
| Stanish | 2013 | Novel scaffold-based BST-CarGel treatment results in superior cartilage repair compared with microfracture in a randomized controlled trial | Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery | BST-CarGel scaffold augment for marrow stimulation |
| Ulstein | 2014 | Microfracture technique versus osteochondral autologous transplantation mosaicplasty in patients with articular chondral lesions of the knee: a prospective randomized trial with long-term follow-up | Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy | OATS vs. microfracture |
| VanAssche | 2010 | Autologous chondrocyte implantation versus microfracture for knee cartilage injury: a prospective randomized trial, with 2-year follow-up | Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy | ACI vs. microfracture |
| Vanlauwe | 2011 | Five-year outcome of characterized chondrocyte implantation versus microfracture for symptomatic cartilage defects of the knee: early treatment matters | American Journal of Sports Medicine | ACI vs. microfracture |
| Yoon | 2021 | Costal Chondrocyte-Derived Pellet-Type Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation versus Microfracture for Repair of Articular Cartilage Defects: A Prospective Randomized Trial | Cartilage | ACI vs. microfracture |
MACI = matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation; AMIC = autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis; OATS = osteochondral autologous transplantation; ACI = autologous chondrocyte implantation.