Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristics | Total | Missing | Non-hypertension | Hypertension | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 8407) | (n) | (n = 7283) | (n = 1124) | ||
| Age, years | 51 (40, 61) | 48 (38, 59) | 62 (54, 70) | < 0.001 | |
| Sex, % | 0.126 | ||||
| Male | 3948 (47.0) | 3444 (47.3) | 504 (44.8) | ||
| Female | 4459 (53.0) | 3839 (52.7) | 620 (55.2) | ||
| Residence, % | < 0.001 | ||||
| Urban | 2765 (32.9) | 2276 (31.3) | 489 (43.5) | ||
| Rural | 5642 (67.1) | 5007 (68.7) | 635 (56.5) | ||
| Education, % | 13 | < 0.001 | |||
| None | 1982 (23.6) | 1595 (21.9) | 387 (34.5) | ||
| Primary school | 1654 (19.7) | 1410 (19.4) | 244 (21.7) | ||
| Lower middle school | 2765 (32.9) | 2487 (34.2) | 278 (24.8) | ||
| Upper middle school | 983 (11.7) | 891 (12.3) | 92 (8.2) | ||
| Technical or vocational school | 592 (7.1) | 510 (7.0) | 82 (7.3) | ||
| College or higher | 418 (5.0) | 379 (5.2) | 39 (3.5) | ||
| Marital status, % | 38 | < 0.001 | |||
| Never married | 486 (5.8) | 484 (6.7) | 2 (0.2) | ||
| Married | 7091 (84.7) | 6170 (85.1) | 921 (82.3) | ||
| Divorced | 83 (1.0) | 80 (1.1) | 3 (0.3) | ||
| Widowed | 651 (7.8) | 461 (6.4) | 190 (17.0) | ||
| Separated | 58 (0.7) | 55 (0.8) | 3 (0.3) | ||
| Height, cm | 160.7 (155.00, 167.40) | 161.0 (155.2, 167.4) | 159.5 (154.0, 167.0) | < 0.001 | |
| Weight, kg | 60.0 (52.9, 68.0) | 59.5 (52.5, 67.0) | 63.9 (56.0, 72.0) | < 0.001 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.1 (20.9, 25.6) | 22.9 (20.7, 25.2) | 24.8 (22.4, 27.3) | < 0.001 | |
| SBP, mmHg | 120.7 (110.7, 136.0) | 120.0 (110.0, 130.0) | 142.7 (131.3, 158.7) | < 0.001 | |
| DBP, mmHg | 80.0 (72.0, 88.0) | 80.0 (70.0, 85.0) | 90.0 (80.0, 100.0) | < 0.001 | |
| Total calorie intake, kcal | 2074.82 (1677.83, 2511.08) | 110 | 2091.38 (1689.39, 2530.11) | 1984.74 (1610.89, 2386.51) | < 0.001 |
| Current smoking, % | 2367 (29.0) | 253 | 2088 (29.4) | 279 (26.4) | 0.045 |
| Current drinking, % | 1752 (21.0) | 51 | 1546 (21.4) | 206 (18.4) | 0.022 |
| Stroke, % | 118 (1.4) | 5 | 45 (0.6) | 73 (6.5) | < 0.001 |
| MI, % | 82 (1.0) | 8 | 30 (0.4) | 52 (4.6) | < 0.001 |
| Urea, mmol/L | 5.30 (4.40, 6.34) | 5.24 (4.34, 6.29) | 5.69 (4.79, 6.72) | < 0.001 | |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 4.97 (4.00, 6.07) | 4.89 (3.93, 5.97) | 5.60 (4.59, 6.66) | < 0.001 | |
| Apo A1, g/L | 1.10 (0.95, 1.29) | 1.10 (0.95, 1.29) | 1.08 (0.93, 1.27) | 0.012 | |
| Apo B, g/L | 0.88 (0.72, 1.07) | 0.87 (0.71, 1.05) | 0.98 (0.81, 1.17) | < 0.001 | |
| Lp(a), mg/L | 79 (40, 168) | 78 (40, 167) | 84 (43, 181) | 0.019 | |
| Creatinine, µmol/L | 85 (76, 96) | 84 (75, 95) | 89 (79, 102) | < 0.001 | |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.38 (1.16, 1.63) | 2 | 1.39 (1.17, 1.64) | 1.30 (1.09, 1.57) | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.91 (2.33, 3.53) | 2.87 (2.31, 3.49) | 3.13 (2.54, 3.83) | < 0.001 | |
| Albumin, g/L | 47.30 (45.20, 49.50) | 47.30 (45.30, 49.50) | 47.25 (45.20, 49.65) | 0.909 | |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.26 (0.86, 1.96) | 1.21 (0.83, 1.86) | 1.63 (1.07, 2.46) | < 0.001 | |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.77 (4.16, 5.46) | 4.73 (4.13, 5.40) | 5.04 (4.43, 5.75) | < 0.001 | |
| HOMA-IR | 2.37 (1.61, 3.65) | 16 | 2.30 (1.58, 3.50) | 3.04 (1.91, 4.96) | < 0.001 |
The continuous variables were expressed as median (interquartile ranges), and categorical variables as number (n) and percentage (%); P values were calculated by Wilcoxon test for continuous variables and Chi-square test for categorical variables. BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MI, myocardial infarction; Lp(a), lipoprotein (a); Apo A1, apolipoprotein A1; Apo B, apolipoprotein B; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance.