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. 2024 Oct 29;14(10):e089024. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089024

Table 4. List of included components.

Agent Route of administration Abbreviation
Opioid Intravenous p-iv
Halogenated Inhalated ha
Propofol Intravenous prop-iv
Lidocaine Intravenous l-iv
Ketamine Intravenous k-iv
Dexmedetomidine Intravenous dxm-iv
Clonidine Intravenous cl-iv
Adenosine Intravenous ad-iv
Magnesium Intravenous mg-iv
Esketamine Intravenous sk-iv
Beta-Blockers Intravenous bb-iv
Gabapentinoids Ral gaba
NSAIDs Intravenous nsaid-iv
Calcium channel blockers Intravenous cabl-iv
Local anaesthetic block Regional la-block
Local anaesthetic Epidural la-epi
Local anaesthetic Subarachnoid la-intra
Local anaesthetic Subcutaneous la-w
Opioid Epidural p-epi
Opioid Intradural p-intra