Altered sequence and structure of nsp12–nsp8Finteractions.A, multiple sequence alignment of nsp12 residues 260 to 282 (IBV) across the coronavirus subfamily. The loop region of interest is highlighted in purple, and residues that were mutated in this study are listed to the right and have gray boxes around them. B, superimposition of IBV, PEDV (8URB), and SARS-CoV-2 (6YYT) highlighting the altered conformations of the nsp12 loop (IBV residues 264–278). C, individual snapshots of the nsp12 loop (IBV residues 264–278) from IBV (left), PEDV (center), and SARS-CoV-2 (right). IBV, infectious bronchitis virus; nsp, nonstructural protein; PEDV, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus; RTC, replication–transcription complex.