Table 1.
Characteristic | Severe Dehydration: GTFCC or IMCI | Severe Dehydration: IMCI and GTFCC Criteria Met | Severe Dehydration: GTFCC Criteria Only | Not Severe Dehydration: Neither IMCI Nor GTFCC Criteria Met | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of cases | 2284 | 1893 | 391 | 3020 | 5304 |
Female sex | 998 (43.7) | 823 (43.5) | 175 (44.8) | 1288 (42.6) | 2286 (43.1) |
Male sex | 1286 (56.3) | 1070 (56.5) | 216 (55.2) | 1732 (57.4) | 3018 (56.9) |
Age, mo | |||||
0–11 | 939 (41.1) | 764 (40.4) | 175 (44.8) | 970 (32.1) | 1909 (36.0) |
12–23 | 778 (34.1) | 642 (33.9) | 136 (34.8) | 1057 (35.0) | 1835 (34.6) |
24–59 | 567 (24.8) | 487 (25.7) | 80 (20.5) | 993 (32.9) | 1560 (29.4) |
Study site | |||||
Bangladesh | 106 (4.6) | 56 (3.0) | 50 (12.8) | 771 (22.5) | 877 (16.5) |
India | 383 (16.8) | 356 (18.8) | 27 (6.9) | 466 (15.4) | 849 (16.0) |
Kenya | 448 (19.6) | 356 (18.8) | 27 (6.9) | 466 (15.4) | 849 (16.0) |
Mali | 308 (13.5) | 279 (14.7) | 29 (7.4) | 526 (17.4) | 834 (15.7) |
Mozambique | 284 (12.4) | 173 (9.1) | 111 (28.4) | 200 (6.6) | 484 (9.1) |
Pakistan | 446 (19.5) | 392 (20.7) | 54 (13.8) | 342 (11.3) | 788 (14.9) |
The Gambia | 309 (13.5) | 264 (13.9) | 45 (11.5) | 376 (12.5) | 685 (12.9) |
Diarrheal episode duration prior to presentation, d, mean (SD) | 2.77 (1.35) | 2.79 (1.36) | 2.64 (1.29) | 2.82 (1.34)a | 2.80 (1.34) |
Lethargy/loss of consciousness | 576 (25.2) | 558 (29.5) | 18 (4.6) | 0 (0) | 576 (10.9) |
Respiratory distress | 806 (35.3) | 429 (22.7) | 377 (96.4) | 0 (0) | 806 (15.2) |
Sunken eyes | 2139 (93.7) | 1875 (99.0) | 264 (67.5) | 2151 (71.2) | 4290 (80.9) |
Poor drinking | 902 (39.5) | 883 (46.6) | 19 (4.9) | 89 (2.9) | 991 (18.7) |
Slow skin recoil | 1002 (43.9) | 992 (52.4) | 10 (2.6) | 38 (1.3) | 1040 (19.6) |
Predominant stool type | |||||
Bloody | 123 (5.4) | 92 (4.9) | 31 (7.9) | 373 (12.4) | 496 (9.4) |
Rice watery | 171 (7.5) | 159 (8.4) | 12 (3.1) | 132 (4.4) | 303 (5.7) |
Simple watery | 1466 (64.2) | 1239 (65.5) | 227 (58.1) | 1609 (53.3) | 3075 (58.0) |
Sticky/mucoid | 524 (22.9) | 403 (21.3) | 121 (30.9) | 906 (30.0) | 1430 (27.0) |
Rehydration | |||||
None | 119 (5.2) | 44 (2.3) | 75 (19.2) | 242 (8.0) | 361 (6.8) |
Oral | 1523 (66.7) | 1281 (67.7) | 242 (61.9) | 2551 (84.5) | 4074 (76.8) |
IV | 642 (28.1) | 568 (30.0) | 74 (18.9) | 227 (7.5) | 869 (16.4) |
Antibiotics given | 1688 (73.9) | 1380 (72.9) | 308 (78.8) | 2443 (80.9) | 4131 (77.9) |
Hospitalized | 617 (27.0) | 451 (23.8) | 166 (42.5) | 546 (18.1) | 1163 (21.9) |
Death by ∼60-d follow-upb | 85 (4.1) | 68 (4.0) | 17 (4.8) | 28 (1.0) | 113 (2.3) |
Median time from enrollment to death, d | 10.0 | 10.0 | 12.0 | 21.0 | 13.0 |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: GTFCC, World Health Organization Global Task Force on Cholera Control; IMCI, World Health Organization Integrated Management of Childhood Illness; IV, intravenous; SD, standard deviation.
aOne case (not severe dehydration) missing data for diarrheal episode duration.
bMissing status at 60-day follow-up for 483 cases. Percentages were calculated using observed sample sizes as follows: IMCI and GTFCC criteria, n = 1698; GTFCC only, n = 351; GTFCC or IMCI, n = 2049; neither IMCI nor GTFCC, n = 2772; Total, n = 48.