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. 2024 Oct 11;11(11):ofae619. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofae619

Table 1.

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Included Cases

Characteristic Severe Dehydration: GTFCC or IMCI Severe Dehydration: IMCI and GTFCC Criteria Met Severe Dehydration: GTFCC Criteria Only Not Severe Dehydration: Neither IMCI Nor GTFCC Criteria Met Total
No. of cases 2284 1893 391 3020 5304
Female sex 998 (43.7) 823 (43.5) 175 (44.8) 1288 (42.6) 2286 (43.1)
Male sex 1286 (56.3) 1070 (56.5) 216 (55.2) 1732 (57.4) 3018 (56.9)
Age, mo
 0–11 939 (41.1) 764 (40.4) 175 (44.8) 970 (32.1) 1909 (36.0)
 12–23 778 (34.1) 642 (33.9) 136 (34.8) 1057 (35.0) 1835 (34.6)
 24–59 567 (24.8) 487 (25.7) 80 (20.5) 993 (32.9) 1560 (29.4)
Study site
 Bangladesh 106 (4.6) 56 (3.0) 50 (12.8) 771 (22.5) 877 (16.5)
 India 383 (16.8) 356 (18.8) 27 (6.9) 466 (15.4) 849 (16.0)
 Kenya 448 (19.6) 356 (18.8) 27 (6.9) 466 (15.4) 849 (16.0)
 Mali 308 (13.5) 279 (14.7) 29 (7.4) 526 (17.4) 834 (15.7)
 Mozambique 284 (12.4) 173 (9.1) 111 (28.4) 200 (6.6) 484 (9.1)
 Pakistan 446 (19.5) 392 (20.7) 54 (13.8) 342 (11.3) 788 (14.9)
 The Gambia 309 (13.5) 264 (13.9) 45 (11.5) 376 (12.5) 685 (12.9)
Diarrheal episode duration prior to presentation, d, mean (SD) 2.77 (1.35) 2.79 (1.36) 2.64 (1.29) 2.82 (1.34)a 2.80 (1.34)
Lethargy/loss of consciousness 576 (25.2) 558 (29.5) 18 (4.6) 0 (0) 576 (10.9)
Respiratory distress 806 (35.3) 429 (22.7) 377 (96.4) 0 (0) 806 (15.2)
Sunken eyes 2139 (93.7) 1875 (99.0) 264 (67.5) 2151 (71.2) 4290 (80.9)
Poor drinking 902 (39.5) 883 (46.6) 19 (4.9) 89 (2.9) 991 (18.7)
Slow skin recoil 1002 (43.9) 992 (52.4) 10 (2.6) 38 (1.3) 1040 (19.6)
Predominant stool type
 Bloody 123 (5.4) 92 (4.9) 31 (7.9) 373 (12.4) 496 (9.4)
 Rice watery 171 (7.5) 159 (8.4) 12 (3.1) 132 (4.4) 303 (5.7)
 Simple watery 1466 (64.2) 1239 (65.5) 227 (58.1) 1609 (53.3) 3075 (58.0)
 Sticky/mucoid 524 (22.9) 403 (21.3) 121 (30.9) 906 (30.0) 1430 (27.0)
Rehydration
 None 119 (5.2) 44 (2.3) 75 (19.2) 242 (8.0) 361 (6.8)
 Oral 1523 (66.7) 1281 (67.7) 242 (61.9) 2551 (84.5) 4074 (76.8)
 IV 642 (28.1) 568 (30.0) 74 (18.9) 227 (7.5) 869 (16.4)
Antibiotics given 1688 (73.9) 1380 (72.9) 308 (78.8) 2443 (80.9) 4131 (77.9)
Hospitalized 617 (27.0) 451 (23.8) 166 (42.5) 546 (18.1) 1163 (21.9)
Death by ∼60-d follow-upb 85 (4.1) 68 (4.0) 17 (4.8) 28 (1.0) 113 (2.3)
Median time from enrollment to death, d 10.0 10.0 12.0 21.0 13.0

Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.

Abbreviations: GTFCC, World Health Organization Global Task Force on Cholera Control; IMCI, World Health Organization Integrated Management of Childhood Illness; IV, intravenous; SD, standard deviation.

aOne case (not severe dehydration) missing data for diarrheal episode duration.

bMissing status at 60-day follow-up for 483 cases. Percentages were calculated using observed sample sizes as follows: IMCI and GTFCC criteria, n = 1698; GTFCC only, n = 351; GTFCC or IMCI, n = 2049; neither IMCI nor GTFCC, n = 2772; Total, n = 48.