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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Nov 2.
Published in final edited form as: Early Interv Psychiatry. 2018 Oct 25;13(5):1173–1181. doi: 10.1111/eip.12751

TABLE 3.

Smoking association with clinical high-risk status after controlling on individual variables

Control variable Light smoking OR 95% CI Heavy smoking OR 95% CI
Age 3.4 2.1–5.6 5.7 2.0–16.5
Maternal education 3.1 1.9–5.0 4.9 1.7–14.1
Paternal education 3.2 1.9–5.3 4.3 1.5–12.4
Marijuana 2.3 1.4–3.8 3.8 1.3–11.0
Alcohol 4.2 2.5–7.1 8.1 2.7–24.0
Depression* 2.3 1.3–4.1 2.7 0.8–9.2
Anxiety* 1.6 0.8–3.2 1.6 0.4–6.1
Scholastic performance 2.6 1.6–4.4 3.6 1.2–10.7
Adaptation to school* 1.9 1.1–3.3 1.7 0.6–5.4
Perceived discrimination 2.7 1.6–4.5 4.1 1.4–11.7
Daily stressors* 2.2 1.3–3.9 4.9 1.4–16.9
Stressful events 2.6 1.5–4.2 3.8 1.3–10.9
Physical bullying 2.9 1.8–4.8 4.3 1.5–12.3
Emotional neglect* 2.8 1.7–4.7 3.2 1.1–9.4
Psychological abuse 2.9 1.8–4.9 3.5 1.2–10.2

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.

*

Covariates that significantly reduced association between smoking and clinical high-risk status (P < 0.05).