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. 2024 Nov 2;11:1192. doi: 10.1038/s41597-024-03951-4

Table 8.

Ratio of model performance between the baseline view and the standardized view.

Model Time Frequency
KH MS RW-T RW-W UCI WDM Mean KH MS RW-T RW-W UCI WDM Mean
KNN 1.16x 0.82x 1.41x 1.16x 1.22x 1.01x 1.08x 1.00x 1.02x 0.89x 1.08x 1.00x 0.96x 0.99x
Random Forest 1.00x 1.01x 0.84x 0.87x 1.03x 0.93x 0.95x 1.04x 1.02x 0.96x 0.98x 1.01x 0.92x 0.99x
SVM 1.06x 1.00x 0.80x 0.95x 0.92x 0.81x 0.91x 1.02x 0.97x 0.87x 0.92x 0.92x 0.80x 0.91x
CNN (1D)12 1.01x 0.99x 0.86x 1.01x 1.00x 0.95x 0.97x 0.98x 1.00x 0.91x 0.98x 1.00x 0.94x 0.97x
CNN (2D)12 1.06x 1.01x 1.04x 0.98x 0.98x 0.96x 1.00x 0.97x 1.00x 0.94x 1.03x 1.02x 0.94x 0.98x
CNN PF34 1.00x 1.02x 0.99x 1.07x 1.01x 0.97x 1.01x 0.98x 0.99x 0.85x 1.01x 1.03x 0.94x 0.97x
CNN PFF34 1.01x 1.01x 0.92x 1.11x 1.01x 0.98x 1.00x 0.92x 1.02x 0.82x 1.00x 1.03x 0.94x 0.96x
ConvNet13 1.05x 1.02x 0.93x 1.05x 1.06x 0.96x 1.01x 0.93x 1.01x 0.94x 1.03x 0.99x 0.94x 0.97x
IMU CNN14 1.04x 1.00x 1.00x 1.08x 1.03x 0.99x 1.02x 0.96x 1.02x 0.86x 1.03x 1.01x 0.95x 0.97x
IMU Transf.14 0.98x 0.91x 0.86x 0.99x 0.68x 0.51x 0.81x 0.98x 1.06x 0.81x 1.01x 1.00x 0.60x 0.90x
MLP (2 Layers) 1.01x 1.01x 0.74x 0.99x 1.00x 0.89x 0.94x 1.00x 0.98x 0.90x 1.04x 1.00x 0.92x 0.97x
MLP (3 layers) 1.01x 1.02x 0.75x 0.99x 1.01x 0.92x 0.95x 1.00x 1.01x 0.92x 1.04x 1.00x 0.92x 0.98x
ResNet15 1.02x 0.92x 0.91x 0.97x 0.93x 0.87x 0.93x 1.02x 1.00x 0.83x 1.13x 0.98x 0.91x 0.97x
ResNetSE67 1.03x 0.91x 0.97x 0.98x 0.93x 0.83x 0.94x 0.88x 1.02x 0.87x 0.98x 0.92x 0.90x 0.93x
ResNetSE-567 1.05x 0.95x 1.06x 0.92x 0.97x 0.91x 0.97x 0.94x 0.98x 0.87x 1.00x 0.99x 0.86x 0.94x
Max (Ratio) 1.03x 1.02x 0.91x 1.04x 0.99x 0.95x 0.98x 0.99x 1.01x 0.94x 1.01x 1.01x 0.93x 0.97x

Values close to one indicate no significant difference between the two views, values below one indicate better performance in the baseline view, and values above one indicate better performance in the standardized view. The Max (Ratio) line is the ratio between both maximum values of the two views.