Table 1. The mass fractions of bioactive compounds on dry mass basis of extracts obtained by supercritical CO2 fluid extraction (SFE CO2) of anchovy by-products.
| SFE CO2 fraction | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Compound | S40 (t=40 °C) | S45 (t=40 °C) | S40 (t=60 °C) | S45 (t=60 °C) | |
| w(bioactive compound)/(mg/g) | |||||
| Fatty acid | |||||
| Palmitic | (212.8±2.4)aB | (200.3±2.1)aB | (215.6±1.1)aA | (202.8±7.1)aB | |
| Oleic | (136.1±1.6)bB | (121.9±0.9)bC | (139.9±1.2)bA | (112.4±4.8)bD | |
| Palmitoleic | (104.3±1.0)cB | (94.7±0.5)cC | (110.9±1.0)cA | (85.8±4.2)cD | |
| Stearic | (84.7±0.5)dB | (77.0±0.6)dC | (90.6±0.8)dA | (80.9±3.4)cBC | |
| Myristic | (80.6±1.9)eB | (77.7±1.0)dB | (83.3±1.8)eA | (71.0±2.1)dC | |
| Pentadecanoic | (20.6±0.2)gB | (19.0±0.1)fB | (21.9±0.2)gA | (17.0±0.9)fC | |
| Linoleic | (13.8±0.1)hA | (11.94±0.07)gB | (13.8±0.2)hA | (10.7±0.5)fgC | |
| α-Linolenic | (5.19±0.04)iA | (4.43±0.03)hB | (4.98±0.04)iA | (3.9±0.2)ghC | |
| γ-Linolenic | (0.601±0.001)jB | (0.550±0.003)iC | (0.594±0.002)jA | (0.54±0.01)hC | |
| Eicosenoic | (24.1±0.2)fA | (20.4±0.2)fB | (19.7±0.2)gB | (12.7±0.6)fC | |
| Eicosapentaenoic | (24.60±0.06)fC | (26.4±0.2)eB | (26.8±0.4)fB | (28.7±1.0)eA | |
| Eicosadienoic | (2.921±0.004)ijA | (2.52±0.01)hiC | (2.63±0.03)jB | (2.03±0.07)hD | |
| Eicosatrienoic | (0.845±0.001)jA | (0.78±0.01)iB | (0.807±0.004)jA | (0.742±0.006)hC | |
| Arachidonic | (0.683±0.008)jA | (0.67±0.03)iA | (0.621±0.002)jAB | (0.60±0.01)hB | |
| Total | (712±12)B | (658.2±8.4)BC | (732±10)A | (630±35)C | |
| Phytosterol | |||||
| Campesterol | (0.197±0.008)bD | (0.273±0.006)bC | (0.343±0.005)cA | (0.303±0.006)bB | |
| β-Sitosterol | (0.12±0.02)bC | (0.32±0.09)bB | (0.610±0.002)bcA | (0.43±0.01)bAB | |
| Cholesterol | (161.0±2.1)aD | (215.6±3.6)aC | (274.6±1.9)aA | (250.8±7.8)aB | |
| Cholesta-3,5-dien-7-one | (0.90±0.05)bC | (1.07±0.04)bC | (2.66±0.04)bB | (2.9±0.2)bA | |
| Isofucosterol | (1.12±0.02)bD | (1.61±0.03)bC | (2.14±0.01)bcA | (1.88±0.01)bB | |
| Desmosterol | (0.52±0.01)bD | (0.552±0.006)bC | (0.731±0.008)bcA | (0.67±0.02)bB | |
| Total | (163.9±3.2)D | (219.4±5.4)C | (281.1±2.8)A | (257±11)B | |
| Tocopherol | |||||
| α-Tocopherol | (1.13±0.06)A | nd | nd | nd | |
Results are presented as mean value±standard deviation. Different lower case letters in a column denote significant differences between the compounds from the same sample; different upper case letters in a row denote significant differences for the same compound from different samples using Tukey’s test (p<0.05). nd=not determined