FIGURE 4.

ACTN4 affects the expression of Slug via the ERK/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin signaling pathway. (A, B) Western blotting was performed to evaluate the effect of ACTN4 on the expression of ERK, pGSK3‐β, β‐catenin, and Slug in Ty‐82 cells. (C, D) Cancer tissue–origin spheroid (CTOS) cells established from surgical specimens from patients with thymoma type B3 and thymic carcinoma. A comparison of immunohistochemical staining of CTOS and primary tissue of the patient is presented. (E, F) Effect of ACTN4 on ERK, pGSK3‐β, β‐catenin, and Slug in CTOS cells of thymoma type B3 was evaluated by western blotting. (G, H) Effect of ACTN4 in CTOS cells of thymic carcinoma, as determined by western blotting.