Table 1.
Risk factors for unfavourable treatment outcomes among patients with isoniazid mono-resistant tuberculosis, Mumbai India, 2019–2021.
| Characteristic |
Overall, N = 2171 |
Favourable outcomes2, N = 1881 |
Unfavourable outcomes3, N = 291 |
OR (95 % CI) | p-value4 | aOR (95 % CI) | p-value4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group (in years) | |||||||
| <15 | 20 (9.2 %) | 20 (11 %) | 0 (0 %) | 0 | >0.9 | ||
| 15-<30 | 106 (49 %) | 93 (49 %) | 13 (45 %) | Ref | |||
| 30-<45 | 48 (22 %) | 41 (22 %) | 7 (24 %) | 1.2 (0.4,3.2) | 0.7 | ||
| 45-<60 | 28 (13 %) | 21 (11 %) | 7 (24 %) | 2.4 (0.8,6.6) | 0.1 | ||
| ≥ 60 | 15 (6.9 %) | 13 (6.9 %) | 2 (6.9 %) | 1.1 (0.2,4.6) | >0.9 | ||
| Median age in years (IQR) | 26 (20, 40) | 26 (20, 40) | 34 (22, 45) | 1.02 (0.99,1.04) | 0.2 | 1 (0.97,1.03) | 0.8 |
| Gender | |||||||
| Female | 117 (54 %) | 109 (58 %) | 8 (28 %) | Ref | |||
| Male | 100 (46 %) | 79 (42 %) | 21 (72 %) | 3.6 (1.6,9.1) | 0.004 | 3.5 (1.4, 10.1) | 0.012 |
| Tuberculosis history | |||||||
| New | 133 (61 %) | 118 (63 %) | 15 (52 %) | Ref | |||
| Previously Treated | 84 (39 %) | 70 (37 %) | 14 (48 %) | 1.6 (0.7,3.5) | 0.3 | ||
| Type of tuberculosis | |||||||
| Pulmonary | 191 (88 %) | 165 (88 %) | 26 (90 %) | Ref | |||
| Extrapulmonary | 25 (12 %) | 22 (12 %) | 3 (10 %) | 0.9 (0.2,2.7) | 0.8 | ||
| Disseminated | 1 (0.5 %) | 1 (0.5 %) | 0 (0 %) | 0 | >0.9 | ||
| Mutation | |||||||
| Only KatG | 141 (67 %) | 124 (69 %) | 17 (61 %) | Ref | |||
| Only InhA | 63 (30 %) | 52 (29 %) | 11 (39 %) | 1.5 (0.7,3.5) | 0.3 | ||
| Both | 5 (2.4 %) | 5 (2.8 %) | 0 (0 %) | 0 | >0.9 | ||
| Missing data | 8 | 7 | 1 | ||||
| Diabetes | |||||||
| No | 194 (89 %) | 170 (90 %) | 24 (83 %) | Ref | |||
| Yes | 23 (11 %) | 18 (9.6 %) | 5 (17 %) | 2 (0.6,5.5) | 0.2 | 1.4 (0.4, 4.9) | 0.6 |
| HIV status | |||||||
| Negative | 215 (99 %) | 186 (99 %) | 29 (100 %) | Ref | |||
| Positive | 2 (0.9 %) | 2 (1.1 %) | 0 (0 %) | 0 | >0.9 | ||
| Nutritional status | |||||||
| No Severe thinness | 151 (74 %) | 136 (77 %) | 15 (54 %) | Ref | |||
| Severe thinness | 54 (26 %) | 41 (23 %) | 13 (46 %) | 2.9 (1.3,6.6) | 0.012 | 2.8 (1.2, 6.7) | 0.019 |
| Missing data | 12 | 11 | 1 |
OR: odds ratio; aOR: adjusted odds ratio; IQR: Interquartile range; Ref: reference category.
1
n (%); Median (IQR).
2
Favourable outcomes: cure and treatment completion
3
Unfavourable outcomes: death, loss to follow-up, treatment failure.
4
Fisher’s exact test; Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson’s Chi-squared test.