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. 2024 Aug 22;17(11):525–538. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0286

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©2024 The Authors; Published by the American Association for Cancer Research

This open access article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license.

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Figure 5. — Vaginal levels of immune markers in the context of Lactobacillus dominance. Scatter plots show the concentration of A, cytokines, B, chemokines, and C, growth factors in vaginal swab samples in women with Lactobacillus-dominant or dysbiotic Lactobacillus-depleted microbiota. P values were calculated using two sample independent t tests (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01). Women with dysbiotic Lactobacillus-depleted microbiota exhibited increased vaginal levels of IL1β, IL12 (p40), IL12 (p70), IL15, TNFɑ, and FGF2, when compared with women with Lactobacillus-dominant microbiota. In addition, GM-CSF and PDGF-AB/BB were significantly decreased in women with dysbiosis.