Table 7.

Multivariable-adjusted HRs including R-SOD activity as a continuous variable for future risk of cancer in the total, women, and men cohorts

Variablea	Total cohort		Women cohort		Men cohort
	HR (95% CI)	P	HR (95% CI)	P	HR (95% CI)	P
Age	1.05 (1.04–1.07)	<0.001***	1.05 (1.02–1.07)	<0.001***	1.06 (1.04–1.08)	<0.001***
Male sex	2.31 (1.49–3.58)	<0.001***	NA		NA
Current smoking habit	1.30 (0.88–1.91)	0.186	ND	0.970	1.50 (0.99–2.28)	0.055
Nondrinkersb	1 (reference)	0.622c	1 (reference)	0.583c	1 (reference)	0.734c
Drinkers (≤ two drinks/day)	1.19 (0.81–1.75)	0.373	1.35 (0.77–2.38)	0.299	1.13 (0.67–1.90)	0.658
Drinkers (> two drinks/day)	1.04 (0.61–1.77)	0.884	ND	0.992	0.94 (0.51–1.71)	0.828
Low physical activityb	1 (reference)	0.289c	1 (reference)	0.637c	1 (reference)	0.366c
Moderate physical activity	1.02 (0.69–1.52)	0.905	1.14 (0.65–2.00)	0.643	0.88 (0.50–1.55)	0.652
High physical activity	0.75 (0.50–1.12)	0.161	0.73 (0.28–1.92)	0.522	0.72 (0.45–1.14)	0.159
Body mass index	1.08 (1.02–1.14)	0.011*	1.02 (0.93–1.12)	0.634	1.13 (1.04–1.21)	0.002**
IRI	1.00 (0.98–1.02)	0.912	0.99 (0.95–1.04)	0.807	1.00 (0.98–1.03)	0.773
Non–HDL-C	0.99 (0.99–1.00)	0.004**	1.00 (0.99–1.01)	0.602	0.99 (0.98–1.00)	0.001**
R-SOD activity	1.14 (1.06–1.22)	0.001**	1.10 (0.98–1.24)	0.118	1.15 (1.06–1.26)	0.002**

Abbreviations: NA, not applicable; ND, not determined.

^∗, P < 0.05; ^∗∗, P < 0.01; ^∗∗∗, P < 0.001.

^aAll variables were included in the Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the risk associated with each variable in the model.

^bHRs and P values were calculated with the use of nondrinkers for alcohol use and low physical activity for physical activities as reference groups.

^cExpressed as P values among three categories of drinkers and those of physical activities.