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. 2024 Jun 4;26(11):2084–2099. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/noae094

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

(A) Immunostainings for HMB45 and Ang-2 demonstrating HMB45 expressing melanoma cells, which seed and colonize and form micrometastasis (white arrowhead) close to Ang-2 expressing brain microvessels 1 and 2 weeks after intracardiac injection of tumor cells in mice (scale bar 50 µm). (B) Percentage of Ang-2 expressing brain microvessels of the striatum in animals with intracardiac inoculation of PBS or H1_DL2 melanoma cells. (C) VEGF gene expression in JIMT-1 cancer cells in response to normoxia or hypoxia (** P < .01 and ns P > .05 by 2-tailed, unpaired t-test). (D) Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) protein expression in metastasizing human cancer cells adherent to Ang-2 expressing brain microvessels in the perivascular pre-metastatic niche of a human brain metastasis (left panel scale bar 100 µm, right panel 200 µm). (E) Transcript reads obtained from NVU transcriptome profiling for Mmp9, Angpt2, and Vegf in endothelial cells (c, contralateral; s, stroke; n = 6, 3–4 mice per preparartion) [31,32]. ****P < .0001 and ns, not significant determined by DESeq2 with Benjamin-Hochberg correction.