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. 2024 Nov 4;18(11):e70027. doi: 10.1111/irv.70027

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Published 2024. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

Absolute COVID‐19 vaccine effectiveness against COVID‐19‐associated hospitalization among adults in the United States during September 8, 2022–August 31, 2023, including effectiveness of original monovalent vaccines only, bivalent mRNA vaccines received 7–89 days before illness onset, and bivalent mRNA vaccines received 90–179 days before illness onset compared to unvaccinated patients. CI = confidence interval, IQR = interquartile range. ^aSome estimates are imprecise, which might be due to a relatively small number of persons in each level of vaccination or case status. This imprecision indicates that the actual vaccine effectiveness could be substantially different from the point estimate shown, and estimates should therefore be interpreted with caution.