Table 1.

Characteristics of included studies

First author	Location	Years	Median baseline age	% female	% on ART a	Comparison against general population	AIDS‐related mortality definition	Quality assessment score	Study design
Croxford [41]	England and Wales	1997–2012	34 (IQR: 28–41)	36%	66%	Age‐ and sex‐matched general population mortality rates	Death reports from HIV clinicians through routine surveillance and death auditing	9	Cohort
De Coninck [42]	Sweden	1996–2011	Mean: 37.6	36%	>56%	1:2 matching with HIV‐negative people from population register by age, sex and birth region	ICD9/ICD10. Only rates for non‐AIDS cancer, cardiovascular disease and violent deaths given; the remainder were assumed to be AIDS‐related	8	Cohort
Eyawo [29]	British Columbia, Canada	1996–2012	38 (IQR: 32–46)	20%	74%	Direct comparison with a randomly sampled (age/sex‐matched) HIV‐negative control group in region who had personal health numbers	ICD9/ICD10 categories	8	Cohort
Fontela [43]	Navarra, Spain	1999–2018	1999–2003: 37 (IQR: 34–41) 2014–2018: 47 (IQR: 40–52)	33%	1999–2003: 72% 2014–2018: 88%	Age‐ and sex‐matched general population mortality rates	HIV‐related ICD10s: B20‐B24 and R75	8	Cohort
Karnite [26]	Latvia	1987–2010	NA	NA	NA	Age‐matched general population mortality rates	HIV‐related ICD10s: B20‐B24	6	Cohort
Nishijima [44]	Tokyo, Japan	2005–2016	36 (IQR: 32–46)	8%	32% at enrolment	Age‐ and sex‐matched general population mortality rates	Adapted Cause of Death (CoDe) project protocol	8	Cohort
Park [45]	South Korea	2004–2019	Mean: 40.3	11%	91%	Age‐ and sex‐matched general population mortality rates	ICD10 categories	8	Cohort
Trickey [27]	Europe (Multi‐country)	2000–2015	37 (IQR: 31–45)	27%	100%	Age‐, sex‐ and country‐matched general population mortality rates	Adapted Cause of Death (CoDe) project protocol	7	Cohort

Abbreviations: ICD, International Classification of Disease; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not available.

^a People off ART at start of follow‐up could have subsequently started ART.