TABLE 1.
Summary of cold resistance genes in wheat.
| Resistance mechanism | Protein types | Cloned genes | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Increase cell membrane fluidity | FAD (fatty acid desaturase) | TaFAD2.8,TaFAB2.15 | Hajiahmadi et al. (2020) |
| Eliminate effects of ROS | CAT catalase | TaCAT | Matsumura et al. (2010), Ghorbel et al. (2023) |
| Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase | TaG6PDH | Liu et al. (2019) | |
| 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase | Ta6PGDH | Liu et al. (2019) | |
| Increase the content of soluble sugar | FBA (Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate aldolase) | Ta FBA-A10 | Zeng et al. (2011) |
| TPS (trehalose 6-phosphate synthase) | TaTPS11 | Peng et al. (2022), Lu et al. (2024) | |
| Transcription factor | MYB | TaMYB56-B, TaMYB4 | Zhang et al. (2012), Tian et al. (2023) |
| MYC | TaMYC2 | Wang et al. (2022) | |
| bZIP | TabZIP1, TabZIP6 | Lv et al. (2018), Cai et al. (2018) | |
| NAC | TaNAC2a,TANAC4a,TaNAC6,TaNAC7,TaNAC13,TaNTL5 | Lv et al. (2018) | |
| Cold regulated gene | LEA (late embriogenesis abundant protein) | Wap27,Pvlea218,Wrab17 | Takumi et al. (2008) |
| Cor protein | Wcr3,Wcr4,Wcr719,Wcor80,Wcor14, Wcor72 | Soltész et al. (2013), Lei et al. (2023) | |
| Wheat cold acclimation protien | WCS120, WCS19 | Limin et al. (1997) | |
| ICE | TaICE41 | Badawi et al. (2008) | |
| Hormone regulation | SAMT (salicylic acid methyltransferase) | TaSAMT1 | Chu et al. (2024) |
| Others | MAPK (Mitogen-activated protein kinase) | TaMPK3, TaMPK6 | Yu et al. (2023), Wang et al. (2024) |