Table 2.

Cost and Non-Cost Associated Barriers to Care Among Racial/Ethnic Minorities, Adjusted for Sex, Foreign Born, and Income

	White	Black				Hispanic				Asian
	Reference	aOR	95% low	95% high	P value	aOR	95% low	95% high	P value	aOR	95% low	95% high	P value
Places to get care—emergency room	-	3.83	3.51	4.18	< 0.001	2.49	2.22	2.78	< 0.001	0.67	0.48	0.93	0.02
Cost-associated barriers
Delayed generalist care due to cost	-	1.67	1.58	1.77	< 0.001	1.72	1.62	1.82	< 0.001	1.19	1.06	1.33	0.004
Delayed specialist care due to cost	-	0.97	0.93	1.01	0.16	1.02	0.98	1.07	0.38	1.16	1.08	1.25	< 0.001
Delayed follow-up care due to cost		1.49	1.41	1.57	< 0.001	1.55	1.47	1.65	< 0.001	1.02	0.92	1.15	0.67
Delayed filling prescription due to cost	-	1.09	1.04	1.15	< 0.001	0.96	0.91	1.01	0.14	0.89	0.8	0.98	0.02
Skipped medication due to cost	-	1.1	1.04	1.16	< 0.001	0.98	0.92	1.05	0.6	0.94	0.83	1.06	0.28
Non-cost associated barriers
Delay in care—no time off work	-	1.15	1.09	1.22	< 0.001	1.7	1.62	1.78	< 0.001	1.98	1.84	2.13	< 0.001
Delay in care—no transportation	-	1.57	1.49	1.65	< 0.001	1.45	1.37	1.54	< 0.001	1.17	1.04	1.31	0.008
Delay in care—no childcare	-	1.25	1.14	1.37	< 0.001	2.1	1.94	2.29	< 0.001	1.11	0.95	1.31	0.19
Delay in care—no elder care	-	1.14	1.02	1.26	0.02	1.46	1.32	1.63	< 0.001	0.91	0.73	1.13	0.4
Delay in care—living in rural area	-	0.92	0.85	0.99	0.04	1.14	1.05	1.25	0.003	0.59	0.48	0.73	< 0.001