Table 1. Frequency and distribution of different variables by sex and age group.
| Variables | Total (9832) N (%) | Male (4723)N (%) | Female (5109)N (%) | P value* | <50 years (6069)N (%) | ≥50 years (3763)N (%) | P value* |
| Age (year)† | 47.36 (8.27) | 47.01 (8.08) | 47.68 (8.43) | 0.001 | – | – | – |
| Sex (male) | 4723 (48.04) | – | – | – | 3002 (49.46) | 1721 (45.73) | <0.001 |
| Education (year)† | 5.41 (4.82) | 7.47 (4.95) | 3.50 (3.81) | <0.001 | 6.94 (4.65) | 2.94 (4.01) | <0.001 |
| Marital status | |||||||
| Single | 417 (4.24) | 94 (1.99) | 323 (6.32) | <0.001 | 398 (6.56) | 19 (0.50) | <0.001 |
| Married | 8871 (90.23) | 4590 (97.18) | 4281 (83.79) | 5483 (90.34) | 3388 (90.03) | ||
| Other | 414 (5.53) | 39 (0.83) | 505 (9.88) | 188 (3.10) | 356 (9.46) | ||
| Residency | |||||||
| Urban | 5874 (59.74) | 2921 (61.85) | 2953 (57.30) | <0.001 | 3781 (62.30) | 2093 (55.62) | <0.001 |
| Rural | 3958 (40.26) | 1802 (38.15) | 2156 (42.20) | 2288 (37.70) | 1670 (44.38) | ||
| Socioeconomic status | |||||||
| The poorest | 1944 (19.77) | 464 (9.82) | 1480 (28.97) | <0.001 | 905 (14.91) | 1039 (27.61) | <0.001 |
| Poor | 1958 (19.91) | 723 (15.31) | 1235 (24.17) | 1095 (18.04) | 863 (22.93) | ||
| Middle | 1969 (20.03) | 931 (19.71) | 1038 (20.32) | 1242 (20.46) | 727 (19.32) | ||
| Rich | 1976 (20.10) | 1117 (23.65) | 859 (16.81) | 1331 (21.93) | 645 (17.14) | ||
| The richest | 1985 (20.19) | 1488 (31.51) | 497 (9.73) | 1496 (24.65) | 489 (12.99) | ||
| Smoking status | |||||||
| Non-smoker and passive smoker | 7767 (79.43) | 2961 (63.04) | 4806 (94.57) | <0.001 | 5029 (83.26) | 2738 (73.23) | <0.001 |
| Current and ex-smokers | 2012 (20.57) | 1736 (36.96) | 276 (5.43) | 1011 (16.74) | 1001 (26.77) | ||
| Alcohol consumption | |||||||
| Yes | 480 (4.88) | 478 (10.12) | 2 (0.04) | <0.001 | 354 (5.83) | 126 (3.35) | <0.001 |
| No | 9352 (95.12) | 4245 (89.88) | 5107 (99.96) | 5715 (94.17) | 3637 (96.65) | ||
| Physical activity (MET hour/day) | |||||||
| Low | 2983 (30.34) | 1646 (34.85) | 1337 (26.17) | <0.001 | 1759 (28.98) | 1224 (32.53) | 0.001 |
| Moderate | 4656 (47.36) | 1445 (30.59) | 3211 (62.85) | 2951 (48.62) | 1705 (45.31) | ||
| High | 2193 (22.30) | 1632 (34.55) | 561 (10.98) | 1359 (22.39) | 834 (22.16) | ||
| Anthropometry† | |||||||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.45 (4.75) | 26.29 (4.20) | 28.51 (4.98) | <0.001 | 27.57 (4.75) | 27.24 (4.74) | 0.001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 97.28 (10.51) | 96.20 (9.69) | 98.27 (11.13) | <0.001 | 96.56 (10.44) | 98.44 (10.53) | <0.001 |
| Waist-to-height ratio | 0.59 (0.07) | 0.56 (0.05) | 0.63 (0.07) | <0.001 | 0.59 (0.07) | 0.61 (0.07) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities (yes) | |||||||
| Cardiovascular disease | 1676 (17.05) | 583 (12.34) | 1093 (21.39) | <0.001 | 494 (8.14) | 1182 (31.41) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 854 (8.69) | 385 (8.15) | 469 (9.18) | 0.071 | 335 (5.52) | 519 (13.79) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1550 (15.76) | 689 (14.59) | 861 (16.85) | 0.002 | 475 (7.83) | 1075 (28.57) | <0.001 |
| Dyslipidaemia and its components (yes) | |||||||
| Dyslipidaemia | 7117 (72.39) | 3239 (68.58) | 3878 (75.91) | <0.001 | 4276 (70.46) | 2841 (75.50) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 3105 (31.58) | 1336 (28.29) | 1769 (34.63) | <0.001 | 1588 (26.17) | 1517 (40.31) | <0.001 |
| Hypertriglyceridaemia | 3103 (31.56) | 1710 (36.21) | 1393 (27.27) | <0.001 | 1838 (30.29) | 1265 (33.62) | 0.001 |
| Hyper-LDL | 2506 (25.49) | 1113 (23.57) | 1393 (27.27) | <0.001 | 1268 (20.89) | 1238 (32.90) | <0.001 |
| Hypo-HDL | 4835 (49.18) | 2025 (42.88) | 2810 (55.00) | <0.001 | 3065 (50.50) | 1770 (47.04) | 0.001 |
HypercholesterolemiaHypercholesterolaemia was defined as TC≥200; Hypertriglyceridemiahypertriglyceridaemia was defined as TG≥150 mg/dL; Hhyper-LDL was defined as LDL≥130 mg/dL; Hhypo-HDL was defined as HDL<40 mg/dL in men and <50 mg/dL in women.
*
Based on χ2 test. Bold values are significant.
†
Mean (SD) and p value based on t-test.
HDLhigh-density lipoprotein LDLlow-density lipoprotein METmetabolic equivalentTCtotal cholesterol TGtriglycerides