Table 2.

Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics and sperm parameters and seminal plasma visfatin and vaspin levels in relation to DNA integrity

		Normal SDFI group [n = 33]	Medium SDFI group [n = 29]	Abnormal SDFI group [n = 28]	P value
Age (years)		39.58 ± 6.18	39.24 ± 7.20	43.24 ± 11.22	0.211
Infertility duration (years)		7.55 ± 5.88	7.07 ± 5.32	7.76 ± 6.38	0.913
Occupation	Risky	4(12.1%)	5(17.2%)	6(21.4%)	0.080
Occupation	non risky	29(87.9%)	24(82.8%)	22(78.6%)	0.080
Special habits	Smoker	3(9.1%)	4(13.8%)	5(17.9%)	0.107
Special habits	Non-smoker	30 (90.9%)	25(86.2%)	23(82.1%)	0.107
Height (cm)		175.09 ± 7.12	173.69 ± 7.85	174.24 ± 7.95	0.765
Weight (Kg)		87.24 ± 15.94	82.83 ± 13.53	83.29 ± 11.80	0.430
BMI (Kg/m²)		28.39 ± 4.50	27.54 ± 4.64	27.58 ± 4.39	0.720
Varicocele	No	15(45.4%)	14(48.3%)	13(46.4%)	0.568
	Left	6(18.2%)	4(13.8%)	4(14.3%)
	Bilateral	12(36.4%)	11(37.9%)	11(39.3%)
Sperm concentration (10⁶/ ml)		62.65 ± 45.19	54.78 ± 46.75	33.56 ± 29.44	0.042^a
TMC count (10⁶) / ml		30.93 ± 19.35	25.49 ± 11.13	10.42 ± 7.06	< 0.001^b
TMC count (10⁶)/ ejaculate		146.63 ± 116.47	65.99 ± 42.92	29.37 ± 19.35	< 0.001^b
Motility (%)		44.24 ± 15.65	43.21 ± 13.59	21.00 ± 16.50	< 0.001^b
Progressive motility (%)		9.27 ± 6.56	5.48 ± 4.42	4.86 ± 3.29	0.023^a
Vitality (%)		61.56 ± 12.62	58.17 ± 20.07	50.93 ± 16.21	0.282
Abnormal forms (%)		91.97 ± 4.39	95.10 ± 2.86	95.65 ± 3.18	0.021^a
Leukocyte count (10⁶ / ml)		0.28 ± 0.04	0.26 ± 0.02	0.22 ± 0.03	0.548
Seminal plasma vaspin (ng/ml)		0.87 ± 0.39	0.68 ± 0.39	0.51 ± 0.23	0.005^a
Seminal plasma visfatin (ng/ml)		22.45 ± 5.59	19.19 ± 10.05	18.96 ± 4.75	0.004^c

Values are mean ± SD or frequency (%)

N.B. BMI Body mass index, SDFI Sperm DNA fragmentation index, TMC Total motile count

^aGroup I is significantly different from group 3

^bGroup III is significantly different from group 1 and group 2

^cGroup I is significantly different from group 2 and group 3