Table 2.
Overview of passive range of motion (degrees) presented as median (IQR) for adults with CP and TD adults.
| Parameter | CP | TD | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High SES ( n = 20 legs) | Middle SES ( n = 18 legs) | Low SES ( n = 18 legs) | All CP ( n = 56 legs) | All TD ( n = 56 legs) | |
| Hip | |||||
| Flexion | 115 (104–125) | 115 (109–121) | 110 (120–129) | 115 (106–125)∗ | 135 (121–140)∗ |
| Extension | 20 (14–20) | 15 (12–20) | 20 (11–20) | 20 (14–20)∗ | 20 (15–25)∗ |
| Abduction | 45 (40–51) | 40 (35–46) | 45 (35–49) | 45 (36–50)∗ | 60 (50–65)∗ |
| Adduction | 30 (25–30) | 25 (25–25) | 25 (21–30) | 25 (25–30) | 25 (20–30) |
| External rotation | 43 (34–51) | 40 (35–46) | 45 (36–50) | 43 (35–50)∗ | 50 (40–55)∗ |
| Internal rotation | 55 (49–60) | 55 (50–60) | 60 (46–65) | 55 (50–60) | 53 (46–60) |
| Femoral anteversion | 15 (12–20) | 20 (12–20) | 15 (11–20) | 15 (12–20)∗ | 15 (10–15)∗ |
| Knee | |||||
| Flexion | 135 (125–136) | 130 (121–140) | 135 (130–140) | 135 (125–140)∗ | 145 (140–150)∗ |
| Extension | 5 (0–10) | 2 (-1–8) | 0 (0–10) | 5 (0–10)∗ | 7 (5–10)∗ |
| Popliteal angle (unilateral) | 35 (25–41) | 40 (30–45) | 35 (35–49) | 35 (30–45)∗ | 15 (6–20)∗ |
| Popliteal angle (bilateral) | 20 (10–26) | 28 (20–31) | 20 (15–38) | 20 (15–30)∗ | 5 (0–10)∗ |
| Hamstring shift | 15 (10–21) | 10 (5–16) | 15 (6–24) | 13 (10–20)∗ | 10 (5–13)∗ |
| Thigh to foot angle | 12 (10–15) | 10 (7–15) | 10 (6–15) | 10 (8–15) | 10 (6–12) |
| Bimalleolar axis | 15 (10–24) | 14 (9–26) | 20 (12–25) | 15 (10–25) | 15 (10–20) |
| Ankle | |||||
| Dorsiflexion (knee flexed) | 15 (10–20) | 15 (10–20) | 13 (10–20) | 15 (10–20)∗ | 20 (20–25)∗ |
| Dorsiflexion (knee extended) | 5 (0–10) | 0 (0–5) | 0 (0–9) | 0 (0–7)∗ | 12 (10–15)∗ |
| Plantar flexion | 33 (30–41) | 40 (30–51) | 40 (31–45) | 40 (30–45)∗ | 45 (40–54)∗ |
Abbreviations: CP, cerebral palsy; IQR, interquartile ranges; SES, socioeconomic status; TD, typically developed.
∗Significantly different between adults with CP and TD adults: p < 0.05.