Table 2.
Weighted characteristics of study samples based on BMI.
| Normal weight | Overweight | Obesity | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI <25 (n = 1,017) | BMI > =25, <30 (n = 715) | BMI > =30 (n = 1,084) | ||
| Age | 31.464 ± 7.797 | 32.406 ± 7.250 | 32.921 ± 7.312 | <0.001 |
| BMI | 21.825 ± 1.986 | 27.325 ± 1.464 | 37.223 ± 6.326 | <0.001 |
| Abdominal Diameter | 17.040 ± 1.578 | 20.284 ± 1.722 | 25.844 ± 3.479 | <0.001 |
| Retinol Intake (mcg) | 364.854 ± 268.146 | 357.853 ± 246.628 | 368.491 ± 289.725 | 0.72 |
| Testosterone Level (ng/dL) | 26.270 ± 16.163 | 28.275 ± 27.345 | 27.668 ± 15.782 | 0.08 |
| Race | <0.001 | |||
| Mexican American | 92 (6.999%) | 156 (15.877%) | 215 (15.151%) | |
| Other Hispanic | 108 (7.282%) | 82 (9.19%) | 109 (7.879%) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 385 (63.733%) | 227 (54.926%) | 336 (51.623%) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 125 (7.043%) | 150 (12.273%) | 341 (20.365%) | |
| Other Race | 307 (14.943%) | 100 (7.735%) | 83 (4.982%) | |
| Education | <0.001 | |||
| Below High Scholl | 105 (8.417%) | 138 (13.905%) | 202 (14.725%) | |
| High School | 141 (13.604%) | 119 (15.151%) | 236 (20.717%) | |
| Above High School | 771 (77.979%) | 458 (70.944%) | 646 (64.558%) | |
| Marital Status | 0.05 | |||
| Yes | 588 (60.55%) | 433 (64.262%) | 604 (58.354%) | |
| No | 429 (39.45%) | 282 (35.738%) | 480 (41.646%) | |
| Alcohol Drink | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 635 (78.783%) | 414 (71.297%) | 662 (71.939%) | |
| No | 272 (21.217%) | 219 (28.703%) | 313 (28.061%) | |
| Smoke | 0.02 | |||
| Yes | 260 (30.73%) | 180 (28.783%) | 359 (34.932%) | |
| No | 757 (69.27%) | 535 (71.217%) | 725 (65.068%) | |
| Hypertension | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 65 (5.979%) | 78 (11.152%) | 289 (23.389%) | |
| No | 952 (94.021%) | 637 (88.848%) | 795 (76.611%) | |
| Diabetes | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 4 (0.225%) | 27 (2.581%) | 88 (7.4%) | |
| No | 1,013 (99.775%) | 688 (97.419%) | 996 (92.6%) |
Mean ± SD for continuous variables, p-values were obtained using the weighted linear regression model and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. % for categorical variables and p value was calculated by weighted chi-square test.