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. 2024 Nov 5;15:9545. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-53927-6

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© The Author(s) 2024

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Fig. 1 — a Formation and quenching of free radicals on metal surfaces (“M” indicates the metal adatom or metal surface. “R” indicates the substituent groups). b Formation of transient radicals. c Inducing room-temperature cyclodehydrogenation on Au(111) via radical addition of open-shell resonance structures (The gray chemical structure represents the part of the molecule closer to the Au(111) surface).