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. 2024 Nov 5;15:9566. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-53959-y

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© The Author(s) 2024

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Fig. 3 — a PDFs of the four sources, geostrophic shear production turbulence, (GSP; orange), Langmuir shear production turbulence (LSP; dark blue), vertical buoyancy production turbulence (VBP; light blue), ageostrophic shear production turbulence (AGSP; dark red). in winter. b PDFs of the four sources in summer. The dots indicate the corresponding global mean value of each distribution. The log-normal distribution of the PDFs suggests that the mean and integral of ocean surface boundary layer dissipation are determined by intermittent high dissipation rates. The highest intermittency of GSP can also be derived from the distributions.