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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Nov 6.
Published in final edited form as: IEEE Sens J. 2023 Oct 23;23(23):29619–21629. doi: 10.1109/jsen.2023.3325153

TABLE I.

Healthy vs. Pre-OA Classification Performance

Movement Type Healthy Mean ± S.D. Arthritic Mean ± S.D. P value Effect Size (Hedge’s g) CI 95% ROC AUC Accuracy Sensitivity Specificity
Flexion-Extension 0.38 ± 0.19 0.61 ± 0.16 <0.005 1.18 [0.09 0.37] 0.82 76% 82% 72%
Sit-to-Stand 0.29 ± 0.27 0.74 ± 0.17 <0.005 1.73 [0.25 0.64] 0.90 88% 100% 81%
Walking 0.41 ± 0.15 0.59 ± 0.12 <0.005 1.16 [0.07 0.29] 0.81 80% 80% 80%
Composite 0.30 ± 0.20 0.81 ± 0.15 <0.005 2.46 [0.37 0.65] 0.96 94% 100% 90%
Age / BMI 0.36 ± 0.20 0.65 ± 0.25 0.006 1.26 [0.05 0.43] 0.78 83% 82% 85%