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. 2024 Nov 6;11:44. doi: 10.1186/s40662-024-00412-2

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

L-DOPA is associated with reduced likelihood of incident GA. a Forrest plot of hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the effect of age, sex, AMD severity, AREDS2 use, smoking status, and L-DOPA exposure on new-onset GA. b Kaplan–Meier survival curve for probability of conversion to new-onset GA. L-DOPA, levodopa; GA, geographic atrophy; AMD, age-related macular degeneration; AREDS2, Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2