Table 2.

Distribution of PFAS concentrations ($\text{ng}/\mathrm{mL}$) in maternal serum and newborn dried blood spot samples collected from participants in the Atlanta African American Maternal–Child cohort, 2014–2020.

PFAS	Sample	$N$	Detection (%)	$\text{GM}\pm \text{GSD}$	Percentile
					25th	50th	75th	Max
PFHxS	Maternal early	525	98	$1.16\pm 2.06$	0.81	1.24	1.74	6.17
	Maternal late	383	99	$3.67\pm 1.89$	2.88	3.79	5.01	15.6
	Newborn	280	99	$0.55\pm 2.56$	0.29	0.51	0.84	13.9
PFOS	Maternal early	525	98	$1.89\pm 2.50$	1.38	2.12	3.24	12.4
	Maternal late	383	97	$2.62\pm 3.03$	1.92	3.11	4.69	19.2
	Newborn	280	94	$0.36\pm 2.97$	0.26	0.47	0.69	2.07
PFOA	Maternal early	525	97	$0.62\pm 2.36$	0.45	0.70	1.06	4.42
	Maternal late	383	94	$0.49\pm 3.34$	0.37	0.63	1.01	6.76
	Newborn	280	41	$0.04\pm 2.99$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.10	1.02
PFNA	Maternal early	525	98	$0.26\pm 2.35$	0.17	0.30	0.47	2.27
	Maternal late	383	99	$0.4\pm 2.04$	0.28	0.42	0.61	3.25
	Newborn	280	13	$0.02\pm 1.94$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.37
PFBS	Maternal early	429	28	$0.03\pm 3.47$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.03	3.32
	Maternal late	383	43	$0.05\pm 3.49$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.14	2.29
PFHpA	Maternal early	429	19	$0.04\pm 2.03$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.92
	Maternal late	383	44	$0.05\pm 4.79$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.22	6.45
PFDA	Maternal early	429	57	$0.07\pm 2.85$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.07	0.17	1.73
	Maternal late	383	67	$0.08\pm 4.16$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.13	0.27	1.69
PFUnDA	Maternal early	429	51	$0.04\pm 3.03$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.02	0.09	0.93
	Maternal late	383	68	$0.07\pm 4.18$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.11	0.25	1.44
PFDoDA	Maternal early	429	8	$0.03\pm 1.71$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.63
	Maternal late	383	20	$0.02\pm 2.79$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	3.46
PFOSA	Maternal early	429	3	$0.01\pm 1.28$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.18
	Maternal late	383	2	$0.01\pm 1.16$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.07
NMFOSAA	Maternal early	429	53	$0.04\pm 3.04$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.03	0.09	1.46
	Maternal late	383	47	$0.03\pm 3.66$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.10	3.83
PFHxA	Maternal early	429	10	$0.04\pm 1.99$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	1.16
	Maternal late	383	37	$0.03\pm 4.19$	$<\text{LOD}$	$<\text{LOD}$	0.11	3.53

Note: GM, geometric mean; GSD, geometric standard deviation; LOD, limit of detection; max, maximum; NMFOSAA, $N$-methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamido acetic acid; PFAS, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances; PFBS, perfluorobutanesulfonic acid; PFDA, perfluorodecanoic acid; PFDoDA, perfluorododecanoic acid; PFHpA, perfluoroheptanoic acid; PFHxA, perfluorohexanoic acid; PFHxS, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid; PFNA, perfluorononanoic acid; PFOA, perfluorooctanoic acid; PFOS, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; PFOSA, perfluorooctanesulfonamide; PFUnDA, perfluoroundecanoic acid.