Table 1.
Studies about PIGN that included patients with ANCA negativity
| Study | Country and design | Study years; follow-up | Number of patients and ANCA status | ANCA testing; definition of ANCA negativity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hedger et al. [6] (2000) | UK, population-based, R | 1986–1996; 20 months | ANCA (+) 93 (73%), ANCA (−) 35 (27%) | IIF 100%, ELISA 20%; negative test |
| Eisenberger et al. [14] (2005) | France, multicenter, R | 1990–2001; 162 months | ANCA (−) 20 | IIF 100%, ELISA 55%; negative test |
| Hung et al. [7] (2006) | Taiwan, single center, R | 1998–2004; 18.6 months | ANCA (+) 25 (62%), ANCA (−) 15 (38%) | ELISA 100%; negative test |
| Chen et al. [8] (2007) | China, single center, R | 1997–2006; N/D | ANCA (+) 57 (67%), ANCA (−) 28 (33%) | IIF and ELISA 100%; negative test |
| Villacorta et al. [9] (2016) | Spain, two centers, R | 1997–2014; 24.1 months in ANCA (−), 42.8 months in ANCA (+) | ANCA (+) 85 (74.6%), ANCA (−) 29 (25.4%) | IIF and ELISA 100%; negative test |
| Shah et al. [10] (2016) | USA, single center, R | 1995–2009; 45.7 months | ANCA (+) 57 (77%), ANCA (−) 17 (23%) | IIF and ELISA 100%; negative test |
| Lee et al. [15] (2016) | South Korea, single center, R | 2003–2013; 933.5 days | ANCA (+) 43 (87.5%), ANCA (−) 6 (12.5%) | 100% IIF, 66.7% ELISA; negative test |
| Córdova-Sánchez et al. [16] (2016) | Mexico, single center, R | 2004–2013; 40.5 months | ANCA (+) 56 (90.3%), ANCA (−) 6 (9.7%) | IIF and ELISA 100%; negative test |
| Sharma et al. [11] (2016) | India, single center, R | 2006–2012; 6 months | ANCA (+) 51 (60.7%), ANCA (−) 33 (39.3%) | IIF and ELISA 100%; negative test |
| Ronsin et al. [4] (2022) | France, multicenter, R | 2006–2018; 28 months | ANCA (−) 74 (primary = 57; infection related = 9; malignancy related = 6; drug related = 2) | IIF and ELISA 76%, only IF 12%, only immunodot 12%; negative test |
| Floyd et al. [12] (2023) | UK, single center, R | 2006–2016; until 2021 | ANCA (+) 114 (78%), ANCA (−) 32 (22%) | 100% IIF, EliA only if IIF positive; negative test |
| Elahi et al. [13] (2024) | Pakistan, single center, R | 1998–2008; >12 months | ANCA (+) 68 (50.7%), ANCA (−) 66 (49.2%) | IIF and ELISA 100%; negative test |
R, retrospective; N/D, not described; IIF, indirect immunofluorescence.