Table 5.
Pathological kidney characteristics of ANCA-negative PIGN patients compared to those with ANCA positivity (only the reported significant differences are mentioned)
| Hedger 2000 [6] | Comparable number of glomeruli with crescents |
| Eisenberger et al. [14] (2005) | Higher frequency of glomerular sclerosis and diffuse interstitial fibrosis compared to PR3-ANCA (data on ANCA-positive patients from Hauer et al. [60]) |
| Hung et al. [7] (2006) | More chronic glomerular lesions and less acute glomerular lesions. More glomeruli with crescents |
| Chen et al. [8] (2007) | Fewer normal glomeruli. More prevalent and severe interstitial fibrosis |
| Villacorta et al. [9] (2016) | Crescentic class most frequent in both groups (Berden classification). More cases with mesangial proliferation. Tubulitis less frequent |
| Shah et al. [10] (2016) | Higher degree of interstitial fibrosis |
| Lee et al. [15] (2016) | Comparable |
| Córdova-Sánchez et al. [16] (2016) | Comparable frequency of Berden classes |
| Sharma et al. [11] (2016) | Crescentic class most frequent in both groups (Berden classification), although more frequent in ANCA-negative; more cellular crescents in ANCA-negative. Higher degree of IFTA. Less interstitial edema |
| Ronsin et al. [4] (2022) | No comparison group. Focal class most frequent (Berden classification) |
| Floyd et al. [12] (2023) | Fewer normal glomeruli. Focal class most frequent in both groups (Berden classification) |
| Elahi et al. [13] (2024) | Lower frequency of glomerulosclerosis. Crescentic class most frequent in both groups; more patients with focal class and fewer patients with sclerotic class (Berden classification). More cases with mesangial proliferation |
| Hauer et al. [60] (2002) | Higher frequency of glomerular sclerosis, diffuse interstitial fibrosis, diffuse tubular atrophy, and tubular necrosis compared to PR3-ANCA |
| Iwakiri et al. [61] (2013) | Comparable frequency of Berden classes |