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. 2024 Jun 26;17(5):545–550. doi: 10.1159/000540005

Table 2.

Mean differences in annual changes of BMI and BMIz or risk of overweight between groupsa

Intervention versus shadow control group Intervention versus control group Shadow control versus control group
n (IG/SG) β or OR (95% CI) p value n (IG/CG) β or OR (95% CI) p value n (SG/CG) β or OR (95% CI) p value
BMI (β)
 All 241/339 −0.03 (−0.12, 0.06) 0.50 241/236 0.07 (−0.02, 0.15) 0.14 339/236 0.10 (0.01, 0.19) 0.03
 Completers 141/339 −0.05 (−0.16, 0.05) 0.32 141/172 0.04 (−0.06, 0.15) 0.42 339/172 0.10 (−0.00, 0.20) 0.06
BMIz (β)
 All 241/339 −0.02 (−0.08, 0.05) 0.62 241/236 0.04 (−0.02, 0.10) 0.19 339/236 0.06 (−0.01, 0.12) 0.07
 Completers 141/339 −0.03 (−0.10, 0.04) 0.41 141/172 0.03 (−0.05, 0.11) 0.45 339/172 0.06 (−0.01, 0.13) 0.10
Overweight (OR)
 All 241/339 1.06 (0.57, 1.97) 0.85 241/236 1.45 (0.73, 2.87) 0.28 339/236 1.14 (0.73, 2.56) 0.33
 Completers 141/339 0.86 (0.40, 1.87) 0.71 141/172 0.96 (0.41, 2.27) 0.93 339/172 1.11 (0.57, 2.18) 0.75

IG, intervention group; CG, control group; SG, shadow control group.

aLinear regression analyses with clustered standard errors performed. Adjusted for baseline measure of outcome, age, sex, and follow-up time.