Table 3.
Cox analysis of death according to mild and severe clinical status of intracerebral hemorrhage patients for 4 years
| 3-month |
1-year |
2-year |
4-year |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mild |
Severe |
Mild |
Severe |
Mild |
Severe |
Mild |
Severe |
|
| HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |
| Medical facility type | ||||||||
| Low-volume hospital | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| High-volume hospital | 0.93 (0.83–1.04) | 0.87 (0.77–0.97)* | 0.89 (0.79–1.00)* | 0.87 (0.77–0.97)* | 1.03 (0.91–1.15) | 0.89 (0.79–0.99)* | 1.02 (0.89–1.17) | 0.78 (0.68–0.89)† |
| Surgery type | ||||||||
| No surgery | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Surgery | 1.63 (1.38–1.91)† | 1.15 (1.03–1.29)* | 1.88 (1.60–2.21)† | 1.28 (1.14–1.44)† | 2.25 (1.91–2.64)† | 1.34 (1.19–1.50)† | 1.71 (1.41–2.07)† | 1.46 (1.27–1.68)† |
| Age | ||||||||
| 18–45 years | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 46–59 years | 2.04 (1.45–2.86)† | 1.10 (0.89–1.36) | 1.91 (1.36–2.69)† | 0.96 (0.78–1.19) | 1.84 (1.31–2.59)† | 0.94 (0.76–1.17) | 1.50 (1.01–2.23)* | 0.80 (0.62–1.03) |
| 60–69 years | 3.25 (2.32–4.57)† | 1.34 (1.07–1.67)* | 2.84 (2.02–3.99)† | 1.18 (0.94–1.47) | 2.45 (1.74–3.44)† | 1.05 (0.84–1.32) | 1.59 (1.06–2.38)* | 0.77 (0.59–1.00) |
| ≥70 years | 9.03 (6.53–12.48)† | 1.50 (1.22–1.84)† | 6.55 (4.73–9.08)† | 1.10 (0.90–1.36) | 4.39 (3.16–6.10)† | 0.90 (0.74–1.11) | 2.45 (1.67–3.61)† | 0.72 (0.56–0.92)† |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Female | 0.80 (0.72–0.88)† | 0.90 (0.81–1.00)* | 0.81 (0.73–090)† | 0.97 (0.88–1.08) | 0.89 (0.81–0.99)* | 1.08 (0.97–1.20) | 0.88 (0.78–0.99)* | 1.03 (0.91–1.18) |
| Arrival mode | ||||||||
| EMS | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| No EMS | 0.86 (0.77–0.97)* | 0.90 (0.74–1.09) | 0.87 (0.77–0.98)* | 0.94 (0.77–1.14) | 0.89 (0.79–1.00)* | 0.93 (0.77–1.13) | 0.90 (0.78–1.03) | 0.94 (0.74–1.18) |
| Medical history | ||||||||
| CCI score | ||||||||
| 0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 1 | 1.04 (0.86–1.26) | 0.92 (0.79–1.07) | 1.02 (0.84–1.23) | 0.82 (0.70–0.96)* | 1.03 (0.86–1.25) | 1.03 (0.88–1.20) | 0.99 (0.79–1.23) | 0.96 (0.79–1.16) |
| 2 | 0.96 (0.80–1.15) | 0.79 (0.67–0.93)† | 0.97 (0.81–1.16) | 0.64 (0.55–0.76)† | 0.98 (0.82–1.17) | 0.74 (0.63–0.87)† | 1.05 (0.85–1.30) | 0.68 (0.56–0.83)† |
| ≥3 | 1.29 (1.11–1.49)† | 0.67 (0.58–0.77)† | 1.05 (0.91–1.22) | 0.45 (0.39–0.52)† | 0.95 (0.82–1.10) | 0.48 (0.42–0.55)† | 0.89 (0.75–1.05) | 0.44 (0.38–0.52)† |
Mild severity = NIHSS ≤15, GCS ≥10; severe severity = NIHSS ≥16, GCS ≤9.
*
p<0.05 significance.
†
p<0.001 significance.
HR : hazard ratio, CI : confidence interval, EMS : emergency medical services, CCI : Charlson comorbidity index, NIHSS : National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, GCS : Glasgow coma scale