Table 1.

Reports on engineered bacterial therapeutics for GI disease.

Chassis	Target disease	Genetically encoded biosensor	Actuator	Model	Ref.
E. coli Nissle 1917	IBD	-	Encapsulated microbe	Sprague-Dawley rat	[14]
E. coli Nissle 1917	Colitis	-	Curli-fused trefoil factor	C57BL/6NCrl mice	[18]
E. coli Nissle 1917	Intestinal ulcerative disease	-	Epidermal growth factor	C57BL/6 mice	[19]
E. coli Nissle 1917 ΔthyA, alr	IBD	-	Type3 secretion apparatus TNF-α neutralizing nanobody	C57BL/6 mice BALB/c mice	[20]
Lactococcus lactis ΔthyA	IBD	-	Interleukin-10	Piétrain/Landrace crossbred pigs	[13]
L. lactis	Colitis	-	Interleukin-27	C57BL/6 mice	[24]
Lactobacillus reuteri	Intestinal disease (GvHD, IBD)	-	Interleukin-22	-	[25]
Bacteroides ovatus	Chronic gut disorder	-	Interleukin-2	-	[27]
B. ovatus	Chronic gut disorder	-	Trefoil factor	-	[28]
B. ovatus	Colitis	-	Transforming growth factor-β1	C57BL/6 mice	[29]
B. ovatus	Colitis	-	Keratinocyte growth factor-2	C57BL/6 mice	[30]
Bifidobacterium longum	Colitis	-	PEP-1 fused manganese superoxide dismutase	Sprague-Dawley rat	[32]
E. coli Nissle 1917	IBD	Thiosulfate-inducible sensor for the sensing of biomarker and regulation of genes expression	Cytosine base editor sgRNA sfGFP Hly fused AvCystatin	C57BL/6J mice	[12]