1.1. Recommendations/expert opinion on clinical application
Experts suggest that existence of national regulations regarding EoL care allowing withholding or withdrawing LSTs may improve EoL care, optimize patient/family satisfaction, and enhance patient autonomy. Countries without such regulations may consider establishing legal provisions enabling LST limitation. This action should be supported/pursued by intensive care clinicians and their professional societies, lawmakers, and other key leaders. No sufficient level of evidence to allow a formal recommendation.
Experts suggest that such regulations should incorporate patients’ preferences (advance directives including living wills and power of attorney) as part of EoL decision-making. No sufficient level of evidence to allow a formal recommendation.