Table 2.

Association of potential clinical predictors with risk for incident AKI in the parsimonious Cox regression model.

	HR (95% CI)	p value
Age (years)	1.03 (1.01–1.05)	< 0.001
Malay ethnicity a	1.65 (1.20–2.27)	0.01
Asian Indian ethnicity a	1.50 (1.01–2.24)	0.05
CVD history (yes versus no)	1.58 (1.15–2.18)	0.01
HbA1c (%)	1.15 (1.08–1.22)	< 0.001
eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2)	0.99 (0.98–0.99)	< 0.001
Urine ACR (natural log-transformed)	1.28 (1.18–1.39)	< 0.001
Usage of diuretics (yes versus no)	1.55 (1.13–2.13)	0.01

Cox proportional hazard regression: outcome was time to incident AKI. Six clinical variables were selected by backward Cox regression to build a parsimonious clinical model. ^a Chinese ethnicity was taken as reference.