TABLE 1.
Demographics and baseline characteristics (N = 138)
| STN | GPi | P‐value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 117 | 21 | ||
| Gender (%) | Male | 76 (65.0) | 9 (42.9) | 0.094 |
| Female | 41 (35.0) | 12 (57.1) | ||
| Age at surgery | 63.19 (8.90) | 70.11 (6.77) | 0.001 | |
| Disease duration (yr) | 11.88 (4.32) | 14.51 (4.75) | 0.013 | |
| Time from surgery to assessment (weeks) | 58.55 (13.47) | 61.72 (21.56) | 0.373 | |
| PDQ‐39 SI | 28.51 (12.90) | 34.52 (10.25) | 0.045 | |
| LEDD | 1246.15 (608.42) | 1149.05 (483.28) | 0.490 | |
| MDS‐UPDRS‐III (off medication) | 41.83 (14.43) | 41.76 (12.95) | 0.984 | |
| MDS‐UPDRS‐III (% improvement) | 60.62 (14.19) | 54.67 (10.21) | 0.069 | |
| Schwab and England | 64.36 (17.86) | 62.86 (13.09) | 0.714 | |
| MMSE | 28.62 (1.32) | 27.38 (1.72) | <0.001 | |
| Hamilton | 7.52 (5.32) | 6.38 (4.68) | 0.360 | |
| Starkstein | 11.57 (5.35) | 12.90 (5.26) | 0.294 | |
| Pain | 4.48 (3.22) | 4.53 (2.89) | 0.945 | |
| Marconi | 6.44 (5.82) | 9.00 (5.07) | 0.061 | |
| Insomnia | 1.85 (1.52) | 1.76 (1.30) | 0.793 | |
| Postural stability | 0.74 (0.79) | 1.14 (0.96) | 0.041 | |
| Stimulator type (%) | Medtronic | 67 (57.3) | 16 (76.2) | 0.165 |
| Boston | 50 (42.7) | 5 (23.8) | ||
Note: Continuous variables are summarized by mean and standard deviation (in parentheses), whereas the categorical variables are listed in counts and percentage (in parentheses).
Abbreviations: STN, subthalamic nucleus; GPI, globus pallidus internus; PDQ‐39 SI, Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire Summary Index; LEDD, levodopa equivalent daily dose; MDS‐UPDRS‐III, Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Part III; MMSE, Mini‐Mental State Examination.