Figure 6.

Normalized HAXPES spectra obtained with 7 keV photons of the (a) N 1s, (b) O 1s, (c) C 1s and (d) F 1s lines corresponding to four different membranes in the SLC filled with: air (blue lines), vacuum (red lines), with air and with a ca 5 nm-thick amorphous carbon coating deposited in the inner part of the membrane (black line) and with 60 µl of the LP57 electrolyte (1 M LiPF₆ in EC:EMC 3:7) and with the ca 5 nm-thick carbon coating (green lines). The kinetic energies are referred to the N 1s line corresponding to the nitride of the sample coated with a carbon film [in air, black line in (a)]. The heights of all spectra are normalized to their corresponding maxima. The blue, red and green spectra have been shifted by −1.25, −0.9 and −1.5 eV, respectively. A least-squares fit using the CasaXPS software (Walton et al., 2010 ▸) after a Shirley-type background subtraction using a combination of Gaussian (70%) and Lorentzian (30%) functions under the constraint of identical full width at half-maximum (FWHM) for all components is shown in (d). The envelope from the fit is represented by the orange line, which closely follows the experimental data.