Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants, including distributions of multivariate model covariates, with standardized linear regression coefficients in models predicting PLE dimensions.
| Variable | Cohort | Delusions | Paranoia | Hallucinations | Negative symptoms | Thought disorder | Dissociation | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | |||
| Gender; Male n (%) | 12 | (16) | 0.22 | 0.057 | 0.07 | 0.556 | 0.16 | 0.165 | −0.15 | 0.188 | −0.02 | 0.855 | −0.02 | 0.839 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 16.4 | (1.6) | 0.06 | 0.624 | −0.14 | 0.241 | −0.08 | 0.476 | −0.02 | 0.883 | −0.04 | 0.756 | 0.19 | 0.097 |
| Body mass index, mean (SD) | 22.3 | (5.7) | 0.29 | 0.012 | −0.01 | 0.943 | 0.09 | 0.427 | 0.03 | 0.772 | 0.09 | 0.454 | 0.22 | 0.062 |
| Diet quality (IDQ), mean (SD) | 25.6 | (5.7) | −0.27 | 0.020 | 0.18 | 0.117 | −0.10 | 0.403 | 0.12 | 0.319 | −0.04 | 0.744 | −0.17 | 0.147 |
| Tobacco use (ASSIST), mean (SD) | 6.5 | (9) | −0.08 | 0.475 | 0.24 | 0.037 | 0.09 | 0.433 | 0.29 | 0.012 | 0.17 | 0.141 | −0.02 | 0.866 |
| Cannabis use (ASSIST), mean (SD) | 2.3 | (3.4) | 0.08 | 0.134 | 0.56 | 0.031 | 0.72 | 0.003 | 0.36 | 0.185 | 0.54 | 0.040 | 0.47 | 0.075 |
| Alcohol use (ASSIST), mean (SD) | 8.1 | (8.3) | −0.07 | 0.627 | 0.21 | 0.115 | 0.02 | 0.879 | 0.09 | 0.525 | 0.06 | 0.638 | −0.18 | 0.166 |
| Alcohol use (AUDIT-C), mean (SD) | 2.7 | (2.9) | −0.22 | 0.057 | 0.06 | 0.620 | −0.13 | 0.277 | 0.22 | 0.054 | −0.01 | 0.960 | −0.08 | 0.507 |
| Medication, n (%) | 43 | (56.6) | 0.21 | 0.914 | −0.08 | 0.608 | −0.22 | 0.255 | 0.01 | 0.936 | 0.33 | 0.055 | −0.08 | 0.588 |
| SSRI, n (%) | 24 | (31.6) | 0.11 | 0.508 | −0.11 | 0.508 | −0.20 | 0.306 | 0.02 | 0.926 | 0.31 | 0.079 | −0.03 | 0.829 |
| AP medication, n (%) | 13 | (17.1) | 0.14 | 0.471 | −0.33 | 0.038 | 0.15 | 0.935 | 0.13 | 0.402 | 0.24 | 0.151 | 0.03 | 0.831 |
| Chronic depression, n (%) | 43 | (56.6) | 0.22 | 0.017 | −0.09 | 0.462 | 0.07 | 0.526 | −0.24 | 0.034 | −0.06 | 0.714 | 0.12 | 0.307 |
| Depression (BDI), mean (SD) | 30.2 | (7.6) | 0.30 | 0.008 | 0.32 | 0.005 | 0.43 | <0.001 | 0.14 | 0.229 | 0.43 | <0.001 | 0.27 | 0.019 |
| Childhood adversity (TADS), mean (SD) | 43.8 | (18.6) | 0.27 | 0.017 | 0.34 | 0.003 | 0.32 | 0.007 | 0.11 | 0.337 | 0.21 | 0.071 | 0.14 | 0.235 |
| Insomnia (ISI), mean (SD) | 12.6 | (5.4) | 0.27 | 0.019 | 0.15 | 0.208 | 0.27 | 0.018 | 0.20 | 0.081 | 0.17 | 0.018 | 0.19 | 0.097 |
| Sleep quality (PSQI), mean (SD) | 10.7 | (3.9) | 0.27 | 0.020 | 0.19 | 0.101 | 0.33 | 0.004 | 0.29 | 0.010 | 0.33 | 0.004 | 0.21 | 0.074 |
Values with p ≤ 0.05 are highlighted in bold. AP antipsychotic, ASSIST Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test, AUDIT-C Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test, BDI Beck Depression Inventory, IDQ Index of Diet Quality subset, ISI Insomnia Severity Index, medication coded as having any of agomelatine, mirtazapine, SSRI, antipsychotic medication, or other medications, β standardized regression coefficient, p p value of linear regression model (statistical significance), PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, SD standard deviation, SSRI medication with only selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, TADS Trauma and Distress Score.