Table 2.
Identified cardiovascular diseases, their respective cardiovascular disease area and their prevalence, hazard ratios, 95% CI, p-values and s values. The Log-rank test was used to compare Kaplan–Meier curve.
| Class | Definition | Vitiligo USCN |
HC USCN |
Hazard ratio | 95% Confidence interval | p value (Log rank test) | Adjusted p value after bonferroni correction | S value | Adjusted S value after bonferroni correction | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N of eligible participants | N of outcomes | Risk, % | N of eligible participants | N of outcomes | Risk, % | |||||||||
| Cerebrovascular diseases | Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of cerebral arteries | 96,022 | 494 | 0.005 | 96,067 | 339 | 0.004 | 1.43 | 1.24 | 1.64 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 |
| Sequelae of cerebral infarction | 96,337 | 483 | 0.005 | 96,349 | 358 | 0.004 | 1.30 | 1.13 | 1.49 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Cerebral infarction | 95,494 | 1214 | 0.013 | 95,621 | 977 | 0.010 | 1.21 | 1.11 | 1.31 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Other cerebrovascular diseases | 95,430 | 1303 | 0.014 | 95,594 | 1060 | 0.011 | 1.19 | 1.10 | 1.29 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Cerebral infarction, unspecified | 95,900 | 1034 | 0.011 | 95,965 | 867 | 0.009 | 1.14 | 1.05 | 1.25 | 0.003 | 0.282 | 8.381 | 1.826 | |
| Occlusion and stenosis of carotid artery | 95,783 | 1059 | 0.011 | 95,698 | 941 | 0.010 | 1.09 | 1.00 | 1.19 | 0.048 | 1 | 4.381 | 0 | |
| Occlusion and stenosis of bilateral carotid arteries | 96,261 | 732 | 0.008 | 96,183 | 715 | 0.007 | 0.99 | 0.89 | 1.09 | 0.795 | 1 | 0.331 | 0 | |
| Diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries | Hypertensive chronic kidney disease | 95,031 | 1762 | 0.019 | 95,466 | 1140 | 0.012 | 1.52 | 1.41 | 1.63 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 |
| Hypertensive heart and chronic kidney disease | 96,188 | 839 | 0.009 | 96,296 | 558 | 0.006 | 1.46 | 1.31 | 1.62 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Other pulmonary heart diseases | 95,648 | 1136 | 0.012 | 95,859 | 774 | 0.008 | 1.45 | 1.32 | 1.58 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Nevus, non-neoplastic (Applicable to Araneus nevus, Serile nevus, Spider nevus, Stellar nevus) | 95,400 | 1139 | 0.012 | 96,023 | 814 | 0.008 | 1.38 | 1.26 | 1.51 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Hypertensive heart disease with heart failure | 96,012 | 1134 | 0.012 | 96,088 | 813 | 0.008 | 1.35 | 1.24 | 1.48 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Hypertensive heart disease | 95,640 | 1489 | 0.016 | 95,777 | 1077 | 0.011 | 1.35 | 1.25 | 1.46 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Hypotension | 94,813 | 2636 | 0.028 | 95,089 | 1957 | 0.021 | 1.32 | 1.25 | 1.40 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Secondary hypertension | 96,112 | 684 | 0.007 | 96,117 | 506 | 0.005 | 1.32 | 1.17 | 1.48 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Atherosceloritc heart disease of native coronary artery with unspecified angina pectoris | 96,376 | 420 | 0.004 | 96,358 | 320 | 0.003 | 1.27 | 1.09 | 1.47 | 0.001 | 0.094 | 9.966 | 3.411 | |
| Atherosceloritc heart disease of native coronary artery without angina pectoris | 92,961 | 2903 | 0.031 | 93,532 | 2285 | 0.024 | 1.26 | 1.19 | 1.33 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Atherosclerosis of native arteries of the extremities | 96,179 | 537 | 0.006 | 96,208 | 420 | 0.004 | 1.25 | 1.10 | 1.42 | 0.001 | 0.094 | 9.966 | 3.411 | |
| Atherosclerosis | 95,322 | 1871 | 0.020 | 95,398 | 1564 | 0.016 | 1.17 | 1.09 | 1.25 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Peripheral vascular disease, unspecified | 95,536 | 1272 | 0.013 | 95,471 | 1067 | 0.011 | 1.16 | 1.07 | 1.26 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Athersclerosis of aorta | 95,948 | 1190 | 0.012 | 95,943 | 1002 | 0.010 | 1.16 | 1.06 | 1.26 | 0.001 | 0.094 | 9.966 | 3.411 | |
| Hypertensive crisis | 96,337 | 460 | 0.005 | 96,355 | 394 | 0.004 | 1.11 | 0.97 | 1.27 | 0.124 | 1 | 3.012 | 0 | |
| Aortic ectasia | 96,297 | 646 | 0.007 | 96,288 | 555 | 0.006 | 1.11 | 0.99 | 1.25 | 0.069 | 1 | 3.857 | 0 | |
| Essential (primary) hypertension | 76,938 | 7394 | 0.096 | 78,727 | 7219 | 0.092 | 1.07 | 1.03 | 1.10 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Aortic aneurysm and dissection | 96,114 | 493 | 0.005 | 96,120 | 486 | 0.005 | 0.99 | 0.87 | 1.12 | 0.809 | 1 | 0.306 | 0 | |
| Diseases of veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes | Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspeficied deep veins of unspecified lower extremity | 96,022 | 513 | 0.005 | 96,037 | 341 | 0.004 | 1.47 | 1.28 | 1.69 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 |
| Other venous embolism and throbosis | 95,448 | 1280 | 0.013 | 95,479 | 977 | 0.010 | 1.27 | 1.17 | 1.38 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Pulmonary embolism | 95,972 | 693 | 0.007 | 96,038 | 530 | 0.006 | 1.27 | 1.14 | 1.43 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Lymphedema, not elsewhere classified | 96,180 | 441 | 0.005 | 96,237 | 348 | 0.004 | 1.24 | 1.08 | 1.42 | 0.003 | 0.282 | 8.381 | 1.826 | |
| Acute embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of lower extremity | 95,820 | 834 | 0.009 | 95,805 | 680 | 0.007 | 1.19 | 1.07 | 1.32 | 0.001 | 0.094 | 9.966 | 3.411 | |
| Venous insufficiency (chronic) (peripheral) | 95,587 | 1155 | 0.012 | 95,617 | 1006 | 0.011 | 1.12 | 1.03 | 1.22 | 0.009 | 0.846 | 6.796 | 0.241270431542137 | |
| Varicose veins of lower extremities | 95,239 | 1221 | 0.013 | 95,088 | 1147 | 0.012 | 1.04 | 0.96 | 1.13 | 0.368 | 1 | 1.442 | 0 | |
| Asymptomatic varicose veins of lower extremities | 95,757 | 638 | 0.007 | 95,649 | 663 | 0.007 | 0.93 | 0.84 | 1.04 | 0.219 | 1 | 2.191 | 0 | |
| Varicose veins of lower extremities with other complications | 96,102 | 632 | 0.007 | 95,985 | 668 | 0.007 | 0.91 | 0.82 | 1.01 | 0.084 | 1 | 3.573 | 0 | |
| Heart valve diseases | Rheumatic tricuspid insufficiency | 96,215 | 560 | 0.006 | 96,244 | 406 | 0.004 | 1.35 | 1.19 | 1.53 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 |
| Other nonrheumatic mitral valve disorders | 95,564 | 657 | 0.007 | 95,640 | 511 | 0.005 | 1.27 | 1.13 | 1.42 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Chronic rheumatic heart diseases | 95,546 | 1461 | 0.015 | 95,565 | 1160 | 0.012 | 1.23 | 1.14 | 1.33 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Nonrheumatic aortic valve disorder, unspecified | 95,953 | 388 | 0.004 | 96,008 | 319 | 0.003 | 1.21 | 1.04 | 1.40 | 0.013 | 1 | 6.265 | 0 | |
| Other nonrheumatic aortic valve disorders | 95,904 | 667 | 0.007 | 95,996 | 537 | 0.006 | 1.20 | 1.07 | 1.34 | 0.002 | 0.188 | 8.966 | 2.411 | |
| Nonrheumatic aortic (valve) insufficiency | 95,779 | 861 | 0.009 | 95,858 | 723 | 0.008 | 1.16 | 1.05 | 1.28 | 0.004 | 0.376 | 7.966 | 1.411 | |
| Nonrheumatic aortic valve disorders | 95,460 | 1465 | 0.015 | 95,489 | 1238 | 0.013 | 1.14 | 1.06 | 1.23 | 0.001 | 0.094 | 9.966 | 3.411 | |
| Nonrheumatic mitral (valve) insufficiency | 95,024 | 1723 | 0.018 | 95,016 | 1506 | 0.016 | 1.11 | 1.03 | 1.19 | 0.004 | 0.376 | 7.966 | 1.411 | |
| Nonrheumatic mitral valve disorders | 94,846 | 1915 | 0.020 | 94,795 | 1678 | 0.018 | 1.11 | 1.04 | 1.18 | 0.003 | 0.282 | 8.381 | 1.826 | |
| Nonrheumatic aortic (valve) stenosis | 95,823 | 669 | 0.007 | 95,857 | 594 | 0.006 | 1.10 | 0.99 | 1.23 | 0.086 | 1 | 3.540 | 0 | |
| Nonrheumatic tricuspid valve disorders | 95,741 | 1254 | 0.013 | 95,668 | 1111 | 0.012 | 1.08 | 1.00 | 1.17 | 0.066 | 1 | 3.921 | 0 | |
| Nonrheumatic tricuspid (valve) insufficiency | 96,113 | 1135 | 0.012 | 96,051 | 1007 | 0.010 | 1.06 | 0.97 | 1.15 | 0.200 | 1 | 2.322 | 0 | |
| Nonrheumatic pulmonary valve disorders | 96,163 | 688 | 0.007 | 96,166 | 632 | 0.007 | 1.02 | 0.92 | 1.14 | 0.686 | 1 | 0.544 | 0 | |
| Heart failure | Acute on chronic systolic (congestive) heart failure | 96,343 | 397 | 0.004 | 96,390 | 258 | 0.003 | 1.48 | 1.27 | 1.73 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 |
| Unspecified diastolic (congestive) heart failure | 96,244 | 736 | 0.008 | 96,232 | 490 | 0.005 | 1.46 | 1.30 | 1.63 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Unspecified systolic (congestive) heart failure | 96,320 | 582 | 0.006 | 96,323 | 390 | 0.004 | 1.44 | 1.26 | 1.63 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Heart failure, unspecified | 95,038 | 1577 | 0.017 | 95,289 | 1109 | 0.012 | 1.39 | 1.29 | 1.50 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Diastolic (congestive) heart failure | 95,856 | 1364 | 0.014 | 95,879 | 957 | 0.010 | 1.38 | 1.27 | 1.50 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Chronic systolic (congestive) heart failure | 96,203 | 685 | 0.007 | 96,148 | 488 | 0.005 | 1.35 | 1.21 | 1.52 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Heart failure | 94,516 | 2301 | 0.024 | 94,768 | 1689 | 0.018 | 1.33 | 1.25 | 1.42 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Combined systolic (congestive) and diastolic (congestive) heart failure | 96,277 | 557 | 0.006 | 96,283 | 406 | 0.004 | 1.33 | 1.17 | 1.51 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Acute on chronic diastolic (congestive) heart failure | 96,374 | 504 | 0.005 | 96,396 | 381 | 0.004 | 1.27 | 1.11 | 1.45 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Systolic (congestive) heart failure | 95,949 | 995 | 0.010 | 95,936 | 767 | 0.008 | 1.25 | 1.14 | 1.38 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Heart conduction disorders | Sick sinus syndrome | 96,280 | 359 | 0.004 | 96,295 | 224 | 0.002 | 1.58 | 1.33 | 1.86 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 |
| Other specified conduction disorders | 96,285 | 509 | 0.005 | 96,321 | 366 | 0.004 | 1.33 | 1.16 | 1.52 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Left bundle-branch block, unspecified | 96,321 | 369 | 0.004 | 96,320 | 281 | 0.003 | 1.27 | 1.08 | 1.48 | 0.003 | 0.282 | 8.381 | 1.826 | |
| Atrioventricular block, first degree | 96,157 | 737 | 0.008 | 96,215 | 559 | 0.006 | 1.26 | 1.13 | 1.41 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Unspecified atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter | 94,872 | 1833 | 0.019 | 94,826 | 1493 | 0.016 | 1.20 | 1.12 | 1.28 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Unspecified atrial fibrillation | 94,959 | 1755 | 0.018 | 94,890 | 1432 | 0.015 | 1.20 | 1.12 | 1.28 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Atrioventricular and left bundle-branch block | 95,629 | 1429 | 0.015 | 95,685 | 1154 | 0.012 | 1.20 | 1.11 | 1.29 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Other specified cardiac arrhythmias | 94,865 | 1531 | 0.016 | 94,873 | 1276 | 0.013 | 1.18 | 1.10 | 1.27 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Ventricular tachycardia | 96,201 | 533 | 0.006 | 96,237 | 441 | 0.005 | 1.17 | 1.03 | 1.33 | 0.013 | 1 | 6.265 | 0 | |
| Unspecified atrial flutter | 96,227 | 510 | 0.005 | 96,254 | 423 | 0.004 | 1.16 | 1.02 | 1.32 | 0.022 | 1 | 5.506 | 0 | |
| Other conduction disorders | 95,459 | 1655 | 0.017 | 95,469 | 1374 | 0.014 | 1.16 | 1.08 | 1.25 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Atrial fibrillation and flutter | 94,679 | 2001 | 0.021 | 94,605 | 1682 | 0.018 | 1.16 | 1.09 | 1.24 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Unspecified right bundle-branch block | 96,016 | 821 | 0.009 | 96,030 | 691 | 0.007 | 1.15 | 1.04 | 1.27 | 0.007 | 0.658 | 7.158 | 0.603 | |
| Other and unspecified right bundle-branch block | 95,988 | 899 | 0.009 | 95,994 | 778 | 0.008 | 1.12 | 1.01 | 1.23 | 0.026 | 1 | 5.265 | 0 | |
| Paroxysmal tachycardia | 95,668 | 1285 | 0.013 | 95,701 | 1143 | 0.012 | 1.09 | 1.00 | 1.18 | 0.040 | 1 | 4.644 | 0 | |
| Supraventricular tachycardia | 96,004 | 898 | 0.009 | 95,984 | 824 | 0.009 | 1.05 | 0.96 | 1.15 | 0.312 | 1 | 1.680 | 0 | |
| Chronic atrial fibrillation | 96,323 | 543 | 0.006 | 96,188 | 502 | 0.005 | 1.05 | 0.93 | 1.18 | 0.464 | 1 | 1.108 | 0 | |
| Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation | 95,938 | 1345 | 0.014 | 95,708 | 1240 | 0.013 | 1.04 | 0.97 | 1.13 | 0.284 | 1 | 1.816 | 0 | |
| Atrial premature depolarization | 96,126 | 971 | 0.010 | 96,068 | 901 | 0.009 | 1.03 | 0.94 | 1.13 | 0.564 | 1 | 0.826 | 0 | |
| Cardiac arrhythmia, unspecified | 95,175 | 1747 | 0.018 | 95,080 | 1687 | 0.018 | 1.01 | 0.94 | 1.08 | 0.812 | 1 | 0.300 | 0 | |
| Venticular premature depolarization | 95,610 | 1362 | 0.014 | 95,627 | 1364 | 0.014 | 0.96 | 0.89 | 1.04 | 0.288 | 1 | 1.796 | 0 | |
| Persistent atrial fibrilation | 96,392 | 482 | 0.005 | 96,349 | 520 | 0.005 | 0.89 | 0.79 | 1.01 | 0.061 | 1 | 4.035 | 0 | |
| Cardiomyopathies | Cardiomyopathy, unspecified | 96,181 | 724 | 0.008 | 96,072 | 479 | 0.005 | 1.46 | 1.30 | 1.64 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 |
| Other cardiomyopathies | 96,041 | 531 | 0.006 | 96,065 | 355 | 0.004 | 1.45 | 1.27 | 1.66 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy | 96,288 | 386 | 0.004 | 96,316 | 288 | 0.003 | 1.30 | 1.12 | 1.52 | 0.001 | 0.094 | 9.966 | 3.411 | |
| Cardiomyopathy | 95,653 | 1082 | 0.011 | 95,642 | 820 | 0.009 | 1.28 | 1.17 | 1.40 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Ischemic heart disaeses | Old myocardial infarction | 95,708 | 976 | 0.010 | 95,881 | 689 | 0.007 | 1.39 | 1.26 | 1.53 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 |
| Angina pectoris | 95,597 | 968 | 0.010 | 95,796 | 692 | 0.007 | 1.38 | 1.25 | 1.52 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Chronic ischemic heart disease | 92,561 | 3205 | 0.035 | 93,213 | 2561 | 0.027 | 1.24 | 1.18 | 1.31 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Ischemic heart diseases | 91,957 | 3747 | 0.041 | 92,767 | 3014 | 0.032 | 1.24 | 1.18 | 1.30 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 95,656 | 1116 | 0.012 | 95,847 | 881 | 0.009 | 1.23 | 1.13 | 1.35 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Pericardial disorders | Other diseases of pericardium | 96,111 | 719 | 0.007 | 96,237 | 466 | 0.005 | 1.50 | 1.33 | 1.68 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 |
| Pericardial effusion (noninflammatory) | 96,324 | 556 | 0.006 | 96,387 | 387 | 0.004 | 1.38 | 1.21 | 1.57 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| Other forms of heart disease | Heart disease, unspecified | 95,926 | 850 | 0.009 | 96,015 | 581 | 0.006 | 1.44 | 1.29 | 1.60 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 |
| Other ill-defined heart diseases | 96,339 | 584 | 0.006 | 96,357 | 459 | 0.005 | 1.22 | 1.08 | 1.38 | 0.001 | 0.094 | 9.966 | 3.411 | |
| Cardiomegaly | 94,772 | 2474 | 0.026 | 94,876 | 1993 | 0.021 | 1.20 | 1.13 | 1.28 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 | |
| MACE | MACE | 85,440 | 4028 | 0.047 | 86,002 | 3042 | 0.035 | 1.28 | 1.22 | 1.35 | <0.001 | <0.001 | >13.29 | >13.29 |