Table 5.

Summary of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Breath Biomarker Scores in Identifying Eosinophilic Inflammation/Eosinophilic Cohorts in Replication Cohorts

	Target Patient Profile	Sensitivity (95% CI)	Specificity (95% CI)	PPV (95% CI)	NPV (95% CI)	AUROC (95% CI)
EMBER: Blood eosinophilia	Acute asthma exacerbation	0.31 (0.06–0.56)	0.90 (0.82–0.98)	0.44 (0.12–0.77)	0.84 (0.74–0.94)	0.59 (0.40–0.78)
EMBER: Sputum eosinophilia	Acute asthma exacerbation	0.89 (0.68–1.00)	0.80 (0.60–1.00)	0.73 (0.46–0.99)	0.92 (0.78–1.07)	0.89 (0.76–1.00)
U-BIOPRED: Blood eosinophilia	Stable severe asthma	0.75 (0.51–1.00)	0.77 (0.62–0.92)	0.56 (0.32–0.81)	0.89 (0.76–1.01)	0.79 (0.64–0.93)
U-BIOPRED: Sputum eosinophilia	Stable severe asthma	0.93 (0.79–1.00)	0.88 (0.65–1.00)	0.93 (0.80–1.10)	0.88 (0.65–1.10)	0.90 (0.75–1.00)

Definition of abbreviations: AUROC = area under receiver operating characteristic curve; CI = confidence interval; EMBER = East Midlands Breathomics Pathology Node; NPV = negative predictive value; PPV = positive predictive value; U-BIOPRED = Unbiased Biomarkers in Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes.