Figure 1:

Preoperative (a) axial, (b) coronal, and (c) sagittal T2-weighted magnetic resonance images showing an area of high-signal intensity in the medulla oblongata and upper cervical spinal cord. Note that multiple flow void signs were detected on both the dorsal and ventral aspects of the brainstem. Anterior-posterior angiographic views of the (d) right and (e) left internal carotid arteries show a small opacification of the left cavernous sinus draining into the anterior pontomesencephalic vein through the pontine bridging vein. (f) A late arterial phase lateral view on a left internal carotid angiogram showed opacification of the posterior part of the cavernous sinus and tortuous congested veins around the medulla oblongata.