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Ashby plots illustrate the relative positioning of anthracene-based crystals within the broader landscape of actuator technologies. (A) Force density versus work density comparison of anthracene-based photomechanical crystals (9AA, 9AC, 9AMI, BA2DA) with various actuator classes, including previously reported photobending actuators.8 (B) Maximum power density versus work density, showcasing the dynamic performance of the studied crystals relative to other actuator systems.
