Figure 10.

Membrane cholesterol depletion enhances the enzymatic activity of cell membrane-coated MOF nanoparticles. (A) Schematic illustration of the design of cell membrane-coated, enzyme-loaded MOF nanoparticles with reduced membrane cholesterol content to enhance enzymatic activity. Three enzymes were tested: catalase (CAT), horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH). (B–D) The percentage of H₂O₂ (B), 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) (C), and paraoxon (POX) (D) degradation over time after incubation with RBC-MOF-CAT NPs or MΦ-MOF-CAT NPs with varying membrane cholesterol levels. Reduced membrane cholesterol enhances substrate degradation. (E) The calcein release from the nanoparticles correlates with the amounts of methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) applied to deplete membrane cholesterol. Adapted with permission from ref (51). Copyright 2022 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.