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. 2024 Oct 23;18(44):30211–30223. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c09830

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Saxiphilin (Sxph)-loaded CNPs for dual-biomimicry neurotoxin neutralization. (A) Schematic of the human neuronal membrane-coated and Sxph-loaded MOF nanosponges (denoted as “Neuron-MOF/Sxph-NS” in the original study, ref (41)). These nanosponges use a dual-biomimicry approach with a neuronal membrane coating and a MOF core encapsulating Sxph, a saxitoxin (STX)-binding protein. (B) In vitro neutralization of STX by Neuron-MOF/Sxph-NS. The sodium flux fluorescence assay assesses the percentage of STX neutralized by varying concentrations of Neuron-MOF/Sxph-NS, Neuron-MOF-NS (no Sxph payload), or free Sxph. (C) In vivo neutralization of STX by Neuron-MOF/Sxph-NS in a treatment regimen. Mice were initially administered a subcutaneous injection of STX at a dosage of 4.5 μg/kg. They received an intravenous injection of Neuron-MOF/Sxph-NS (70 mg/kg), Neuron-MOF-NS (70 mg/kg), or PBS 5 min later. The survival rates of the mice were monitored over 24 h. (D) In vivo neutralization of STX by Neuron-MOF/Sxph-NS in a preventative regimen. The mice were first given an intravenous dose of Neuron-MOF/Sxph-NS (70 mg/kg), Neuron-MOF-NS (70 mg/kg), or PBS. They were injected with STX (4.5 μg/kg) subcutaneously 5 min later. The survival rates were recorded over 24 h. Adapted with permission from ref (42). Copyright 2023, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.