| CNPs with cell membrane
and solid core (without payload) |
Purified cell membrane is
coated onto nanoparticle core via sonication or extrusion |
(5), (29) |
| CNPs
with cell membrane
and oil core |
Oil
droplets are added to
membrane suspension, followed by sonication |
(40) |
| CNPs
with cell membrane
and MOF core (with enzyme payload) |
MOF building blocks and
enzyme payload are mixed with membrane vesicles, followed by extrusion |
(43), (51) |
| CNPs
coated with a hybrid
membrane |
Different
cell membranes
are combined and sonicated for hybridization, and the resulting hybrid
membrane is then used to formulate CNPs |
(54) |
| Lure-and-kill
CNPs |
Lipid-like PLA2
inhibitors
are mixed with cell membrane and sonicated, and the resulting membrane
is then used for coating, followed by doping with melittin |
(37) |
