. 2024 Oct 31;13(21):3501. doi: 10.3390/foods13213501

Table 8.

Overview of NIR Results for Brassica (Brassicaceae).

Investigated Parameter		Concentration Range	Chemometrics Data			Ref.
Investigated Parameter		Concentration Range	Pre-Treatment, Regression	R²	Root Mean Square Error	Ref.
Moisture, %		93.35–95.82	2nd der., PLS	0.74	0.25	[255]
Soluble solids content—SSC; °Brix		3.45–5.53	2nd der., PLS	0.64	0.22	[255]
Protein		12.9–32.5	MSC + 1st der., PLS	0.988	0.76	[258]
Ascorbic acid, mg/g		3.8–10.8	2nd der., PLS	0.38	1.3	[256]
		29–68	MSC, PLS	0.95	3.19	[255]
Weight loss rate		0.5–18	SNV, PLS	0.96	1.432	[256]
Surface colour—L*, mg/100 g		64–74	MSC, SVR	0.82	2.013
Firmness		13–26	autoscale, SVR	0.60	2.453
Freshness		A; weight loss rate < 30%, L* > 71	SVC	Accuracy A; 93.3%		[256]
		B; 30% ≤ weight loss rate < 50%, 68 < L* ≤ 71		B; 86.6%
		C; weight loss rate ≥ 51%, L* ≤ 68		C; 86.6%
		mean 73,777 °C·min	SWSR, PLSR	0.753	22,651	[257]
Classification		Three species	SGS, PLS-DA	SEN 100%, SPEC 95.7%, AC 93.6%		[233]
Classification		Three species	SGS, iPLS-DA	SEN 100%, SPEC 97%, AC 94.9%		[233]
N content; g/kg		15.4–48.4	SMLR	0.726–0.846	3.71–4.4	[259]
N content; g/kg		15.4–48.4	PLS	0.726–0.846	3.84–4.31	[259]
TAC; mg/g		3.04–7.41	1st der., MSC, MC, PLS	0.85	0.47	[260]
TPC; GAEq/g		3.87–6.97	1st der., MSC, MC, PLS	0.78	0.41	[260]
mg GAE/L		101.32–595.72	PLS-OPS, PLS-GA	0.99	10.74	[261]
Antioxidant capacity
μmol trolox/g	ORAC	434.11–1741.18	1st der., MSC, MC, PLS	0.87	116.34	[260]
μmol trolox/g	TEAC	3.79–6.46		0.85	0.29
μm trolox/100 g	DPPH	91.01–209.85		0.80	11.47
μmol trolox/mL	DPPH	0.85–4.79	PLS-OPS,	0.99	0.22	[261]
μmol trolox/mL	ABTS	0.70–5.75	PLS-GA	0.99	0.12	[261]
Cyanidin; μg/g		93.5–12,802.4	DT + 1st der., PLS	0.941	684.969	[262]
		0.02–217.56	RS, PLS	0.56	60.37	[268]
Malvidin; μg/g		0.07–11.82	RS, PLS	0.91	1.04
Pellargonidin; μg/g		0.02–0.25	RS, PLS	0.74	0.03
Glycosinolates (total);		7.46–46.50 μg/cm²	Exp(Ref), SMLR	0.39	8.067	[264]
Total aliphatic glucosinolates		0–220.94 μmol/g	n.i.	0.9	15.11	[265]
Total indolic glucosinolates, μmol/g		0–30.83	n.i.	0.97	2.35
Glucoraphanin, μg/cm²		1.22–16.02	Ref²; 1/Ref, SMLR	0.946	1.12	[264]
4-methoxyglucobrassicin, μg/cm²		1.63–7.57	$\sqrt{R e f}$ ; Exp(Ref), SMLR	0.892	0.646	[264]
μmol/g		0–23.58	SNV-DT, MPLS	0.96	1.82	[265]
μmol/g		0.02–2.58	SNV-DT, SMLR	0.84	0.24	[268]
Neoglucobrassicin, μg/cm²		0.28–4.96	1/R; Exp(R), SMLR	0.893	0.386	[264]
μmol/g		0.03–1.56	Ln(Ref), SMLR	0.87	0.11	[268]
Sinigrin, μmol/g		0.03–1.56	Ln(Ref), SMLR	0.86	1.32	[268]
μmol/g		0–132.44	SNV-DT, MPLS	0.99	6.39	[265]
Gluconapin, μmol/g		0.13–1.69	$\sqrt{R e f}$ /Exp(Ref)/1/Ref /Ln(Ref), SMLR	0.89	0.12	[268]
μmol/g		0–171.47	SNV-DT, MPLS	0.95	9.06	[265]
Glucobrassicin, μmol/g		0.05–16.77	1/Ref or Ln(Ref), SMLR	0.92	0.88	[268]
Glucoalyssin, μmol/g		0–2.87	SNV-DT, MPLS	0.92	0.34	[265]
Glucoiberin, μmol/g		0–13.18	SNV-DT, MPLS	0.98	2.4	[265]
Pesticide residues; mg/kg
Profenofos in Chinese kale,		0.60–106.28	SNV + 1st der., PLS	0.97	5.25	[266]
Profenofos in cabbage		0.53–105.36	1st der., PLS	0.88	11.00	[266]
Avermectin		0.25–2.0	RS, RC; LV-SVM	AC 98.33%; PRE 98.46%		[267]
Dichlorvos		0.25–2.0	RS, PLS-DA	AC 98.33%; PRE 95.26%
Chlorothalonil		0.25–2.0	RS, CARS, PLS-DA	AC 93.33%; PRE 93.57%
Chlorpyrifos		0.011–2.184	MN, PLS-DA,	AC 100%; PRE 99%		[269]
			RS or MN/SNV-DT/MSC, SVM,	AC 100%; PRE 100%
			RS, PC-ANN	AC 100%; PRE 100%
Bacterial contamination
for thestomacher solution, og CFU/g		2.85–7.08	PLS	0.95	0.46	[270]
for the washing solution, og CFU/g		2.85–7.08	PLS	0.92	0.44	[270]