Table 5.
Comparison of the levels of investigated biomarkers between the patients in the ESA-non-resistant group and ESA-resistant group.
| Biomarkers | Mean ± SD/Med (IQR) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESA-Non-Resistant Group (%) | ESA-Resistant Group (%) | ||
| D-Dimer (ng/mL) | 1470.59 (670.77–3245.40) | 816.73 (267.10–2381.43) | 0.217 |
| PAI-1 (ng/mL) | 15.69 (9.40–25.51) | 16.68 (6.77–33.19) | 0.990 |
| TAFI (%) | 103.68 ± 10.53 | 103.76 ± 6.16 | 0.974 |
| vWF (%) | 85.98 (79.83–93.99) | 87.65 (82.84–95.02) | 0.577 |
| CRP (ng/mL) | 7012.73 ± 4085.30 | 4903.08 ± 3255.45 | 0.125 |
| anti-PF4 IgG (OD at 450 nm) | 0.04 (0.03–0.10) | 0.05 (0.03–0.21) | 0.795 |
| eGAGs (μg/mL) | 0.89 (0.85–0.94) | 0.86 (0.83–0.90) | 0.314 |
| tPA (ng/mL) | 3.57 (1.19–6.33) | 7.63 (0.90–10.12) | 0.511 |
| Microparticles (nM) | 21.88 (13.22–30.71) | 12.69 (6.55–39.21) | 0.158 |
| Functional PAI-1 (IU/mL) | 7.04 (4.31–14.51) | 9.98 (0.01–20.85) | 0.434 |
| AFP (ng/mL) | 2.38 ± 1.86 | 2.62 ± 1.13 | 0.592 |
| MPO (ng/mL) | 103.23 ± 59.21 | 121.55 ± 61.53 | 0.363 |
| Nitrotyrosine (nM) | 120.21 (21.56–1354.12) | 163.03 (43.74–789.80) | 0.721 |
| ADAMTS-13 (IU/mL) | 0.85 ± 0.15 | 0.75 ± 0.17 | 0.049 |
| Ang2 (mg/mL) | 1494.95 (1091.67–1756.45) | 1302.48 (1179.95–1663.00) | 0.665 |
| proBNP (ng/mL) | 30.53 ± 18.50 | 25.18 ± 15.92 | 0.414 |
| FABP (ng/mL) | 4498.20 ± 1668.68 | 5603.93 ± 1450.46 | 0.054 |
| FGF-23 (ng/mL) | 1.10 (0.01–8.34) | 0.02 (0.01–8.59) | 0.569 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 1.56 (0.01–4.89) | 4.12 (2.40–6.87) | 0.078 |
| LPS (ng/mL) | 2.09 (1.89–2.26) | 2.16 (2.03–2.24) | 0.542 |
| NEFA (mmol/L) | 0.73 ± 0.38 | 0.62 ± 0.23 | 0.397 |
| TNFa (pg/mL) | 8.44 ± 4.74 | 11.32 ± 4.17 | 0.080 |
| VEGF (pg/mL) | 35.53 ± 11.08 | 41.37 ± 10.02 | 0.126 |
Legend: SD—standard deviation; IQR—interquartile range; EHRI—erythropoiesis-stimulating agents hyporesponsiveness index; PAI-1—plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; TAFI—thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor; vWF—von Willebrand factor; CRP—C-reactive protein; PF4—platelet factor 4; IgG—immunoglobulin G; OD—optical density; eGAGs—endogenous glycosaminoglycans; tPA—tissue-type plasminogen activator; AFP—alpha-fetoprotein; MPO—myeloperoxidase; ADAMTS-13—a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13; NT-proBNP—N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide; L-FABP—L-type fatty acid binding protein; FGF-23—fibroblast growth factor-23; IL-6—interleukin-6; LPS—lipopolysaccharide; NEFA—non-esterified fatty acids; TNF-α—tumor necrosis factor-alpha; VEGF—vascular endothelial growth factor.