Quantitative assessment of IL-1β levels in serum using sandwich ELISA. This figure demonstrates the measurement of IL-1β concentration in rat serum using a sandwich ELISA. Serum samples were collected and analyzed using IL-1β rat ELISA kits from MyBioSource (USA). The optical density was measured at 450 nm with an ELISA reader (ELx800, USA). IL-1β levels were calculated based on a standard curve and expressed in pg/mL. * Indicates statistically significant differences; ns – no significant changes. (A) Female groups; (B) male groups; (C) comparison between male and female groups. (This figure was generate using GraphPad Prism version 9, GraphPad Software, San Diego, California, USA).