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. 2024 Oct 23;13(21):6337. doi: 10.3390/jcm13216337

Table 3.

Results obtained in the context of changes in microbiota described in the literature.

Ref. Features of the
Samples
Main Findings Outcomes Assessment
[88] 181 subjects between 18 and 65 years old with chronic
constipation
There was an increase in beneficial bacteria (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Ruminococcus_B gnavus) and a decrease in pathogenic bacteria (Oscillospiraceae sp., Lachnospiraceae sp. and Herelleviridae). Assessed by NMDS analyses of fecal samples
[87] 64 children between 3 and 17 years old with constipation There was an increase in beneficial specific bifidobacteria, and their maintenance over time, increasing the stability of the microbiota. Measured by the analysis of fecal samples
[78] 86 subjects between 20 and 65 years old
with IBS
There was an increase in stability with probiotic supplementation. Assessed by a custom-made agilent microarray designed to cover the diversity of
intestinal microbiota
[79] 55 subjects between 20 and 65 years old with IBS Unexpectedly there was greater increase in Bifidobacterium spp. in the placebo group; however it may have been attributable to a competition between the administered species and others already detected at baseline in the placebo group, and with the supplementation a stability of the bacterial groups was observed. Measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain
reaction
[80] 150 subjects between 18 and 65 years old with IBS-C There was an increase in Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. during treatment, stabilizing the gut
microbiota.
Fecal microbiology analysis was assessed by
quantitative PRC
[89] 68 subjects with a mean age of 37 years old with functional bowel disorders An increase in Bifidobacterium lactis was observed. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed using DNA-base methods
[81] 30 subjects between 18 and 65 years old
with IBS-C
There was an increase in Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed using real-time PCR
[84] 200 subjects between 18 and 65 years old with IBS-D There was a reduction in Clostridium sensu stricto after treatment with Clostridium butyricum. Stool samples were collected and analyzed using DNA-base methods
[82] 307 subjects between 18 and 70 years old with IBS-D There was an enrichment of Lactiplantibacillus and Lactobacillus plantarum at the highest dose of the active group, as well as the maintenance of the stability and diversity of the microbiota. Assessed by sample DNA isolation and quantification
[83] 42 subjects with a mean age of 46 years old with IBS There was a decrease in Ruminococcus torques. Measured by extraction and purification of DNA from
fecal samples
[85] 109 subjects over 18 years old with celiac disease with IBS
type-symptoms
There was an increase in Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and Bifidobacterium in the active group. Measured by DNA and RNA extractions from fecal
samples
[91] Extremely premature infants born at less than 1000 g birth weight and less than 29 weeks There was an increase in the stability and interconnectivity of species supplemented in premature babies. Assessed by strain-specific real-time PCR
[86] 40 subjects between 1 and 19 years old with celiac disease There was an increase in Firmicutes, ensuring the stability of the microbiota with the maintenance of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Evaluated by DNA
extraction from
fecal samples
[90] 135 subjects between 20 and 67 years old with lactose intolerance and functional gastrointestinal
symptoms
There was an increase in Bifidobacterium and a decrease in Klebsiella, Serratia and Enterobacter in the active group. Evaluated by RNA extraction from fecal samples
[92] 39 subjects with mean age of 49.8 with
functional diarrhea
There was an increase in Lactobacillales in the active group. Assessed by DNA extraction from fecal samples