4-HNE	4-hydroxynonenal
5-LOX	5-lipooxygenases
8-oxoG	8-oxoguanine
A	adenine
AA	arachidonic acid
AGE	advanced glycation end products
AKT	protein kinase B
ALM	acral lentiginous melanoma
AhR	aryl hydrocarbon receptor
BER	basal excision repair
BRAF	v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B
Bcl-2	B-cell lymphoma 2
C	cytosine
CAT	catalase
CB1	cannabinoid receptor 1
CB2	cannabinoid receptor 2
CCND1	cyclin D1
CDK 4/6	cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6
CDKN2A	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A
CDKs	cyclin-dependent kinases
CGRP	calcitonin gene-related peptide
CHO	carbohydrates
COX	cyclooxygenases
COX-2	cyclooxygenase-2
CPD	cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers
CSD	chronic sun damage
DAG	diacylglycerol
DAMPs	damage-associated molecular proteins
DBB1	damage-specific DNA binding protein 1
DBB2	damage-specific DNA binding protein 2
DM	desmoplastic melanoma
DOPAQ	dopachinone
ECM	extracellular matrix
EGFR	epidermal growth factor receptor
ERK	extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FAK	focal adhesion kinase
FICZ	6-formylindolo [3,2-b]carbazole
FMN	flavin mononucleotide
G6PD	glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
GCL	glutamate-cysteine ligase
GF	growth factors
GGR	global genome repair
GHS	glutathione synthetase
GNA11	guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11
GNAQ	guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha
GPCR	G protein-coupled receptors
GPX	glutathione peroxidase
GSH	glutathione
GSTs	glutathione S-transferases
HIF	hypoxia-inducible factor
HIF-1	hypoxia-induced factor 1
HO-1	heme oxygenase 1
HSP70	heat shock protein 70
IFN	interferon
IGF-1	insulin-like growth factor 1
IKK	inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB (IκB) kinase
IL-12	interleukin 12
IL-1Ra	interleukin-1 receptor antagonist
IL-6	interleukin 6
ITH	intratumor heterogeneity
L-DOPA	l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine
LCs	Langerhans cells
LMM	lentigo maligna melanoma
LOX	lipooxygenases
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinases
MC1R	melanocortin 1 receptor
MDSCs	myeloid-derived suppressor cells
MEK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
MITF	microphthalmia-associated transcription factor
MM	mucosal melanoma
MMPs	metalloproteinases
MVPs	microvesicle particles
NAM	nevi-associated melanoma
NER	nucleotide excision repair
NF-1	neurofibromin 1
NM	nodular melanoma
NOX1	NADPH oxidase 1
NOX4	NADPH oxidase 4
NOX5	NADPH oxidase 5
NQO1	NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1
Nf-kB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells
Notch	neurogenic locus notch homolog proteins
Nrf2	nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
OCA2	oculocutaneous albinism II gene
OGG1	8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1
PAF-L	platelet-activating factor ligands
PGC1α	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-α
PGE2	prostaglandin E2
PI3K	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
PIP3	phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate
PKC	protein kinase C
PLC	phospholipase C
PRDX	peroxiredoxins
PRDX6	peroxiredoxin 6
PTEN	phosphatase and tensin homolog
PUFAs	polyunsaturated fatty acids
RAGE	receptor for advanced glycosylation end products
RAS	“rat sarcoma virus” protein family
RB	retinoblastoma-associated protein
REL	proto-oncogene c-Rel
RNS	reactive nitrogen species
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RPA	replication protein A
RTK	receptor tyrosine kinases
SCF	stem cell factor
SOD	superoxide dismutase
SOX10	Sry-related HMg-Box gene 10
SP	substance P
SRXN	sulfiredoxins
SSM	superficial spreading melanoma
Sesn2	sestrin 2
T	thymine
TCR	transcription-coupled repair
TILs	tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
TLR	Toll-like receptor
TMB	tumor mutational burden
TME	tumor microenvironment
TNFR1	tumor necrosis factor receptor 1
TNFα	tumor necrosis factor α
TRX	thioredoxin
TXNIP	thioredoxin-interacting protein
TYR	tyrosinase
TYRP1	tyrosinase-related protein 1
Tregs	regulatory T lymphocytes
TrxR	thioredoxin reductase
Tyr	tyrosine
UCA	urocanic acid
UM	uveal melanoma
UVA	ultraviolet radiation A
UVB	ultraviolet radiation B
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
WNT	“wingless-related integration site” protein family
c-KIT	tyrosine-protein kinase KIT
c-MET	mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor
cAMP	cyclic adenosine monophosphate
iNOS-1	inducible nitric oxide synthase
iPLA2	calcium-independent phospholipase A2
mTOR	mammalian target of rapamycin
ox-LDL	oxidized LDL
p53	tumor protein p53
sFRP2	secreted frizzled-related protein 2