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. 2024 Oct 29;25(21):11628. doi: 10.3390/ijms252111628

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Targeting IGF-R1 for the treatment of thyroid eye disease. (A) Tetrotumumab as well as other antibodies against IGF-1R can trigger the internalization and degradation of IGF-1R. (B) Antibodies against IGF-1R can disrupt the interaction between TSHR and IGF-1R. (C) Antibodies targeting IGF-1R can disrupt ligand binding (red ✕) and downstream signal activation (red ✕). (D) Small molecules disrupt the downstream signaling cascade by targeting tyrosine kinase domains (red ✕). The figure was created with BioRender.com.