Table 7.

Amsterdam Pre-Operative Anxiety and Information scale within groups.

Questionnaires	VR Group				Control Group
	Baseline (N = 60)	FU (N = 52)	Δ VR Group *	Within-Group p-Value **	Baseline (N = 61)	FU (N = 51)	Δ Control Group *	Within-Group p-Value **
APAIS (Amsterdam Pre-Operative Anxiety and Information scale)
Anxiety score (4–20)	6.00 (4)	5.50 (5)	0.12 [−0.88; 1.11]	0.88	6.00 (6)	5.00 (4)	−0.29 [−0.89; 0.30]	0.23
Need for information score (2–10)	5.15 ± 2.52	4.90 ± 2.13	−0.33 [−1.13; 0.48]	0.39	5.51 ± 2.45	4.96 ± 2.61	−0.37 [−1.03; 0.29]	0.21

Data are mean ± standard deviation or median with interquartile range (IQR). * Δ Intervention group and Δ control group are equal to mean change in score (FU—baseline). ** Within-group differences were investigated using Wilcoxon signed-rank testing. VR = virtual reality, FU = follow-up.